# Concurrency and async / await

Details about the `async def` syntax for *path operation functions* and some background about asynchronous code, concurrency, and parallelism.

## In a hurry?

<abbr title="too long; didn't read"><strong>TL;DR:</strong></abbr>

If you are using third party libraries that tell you to call them with `await`, like:

```Python
results = await some_library()
```

# Concurrencia y async / await

Detalles sobre la sintaxis `async def` para *path operation functions* y un poco de información sobre código asíncrono, concurrencia y paralelismo.

## ¿Tienes prisa?

<abbr title="too long; didn't read"><strong>TL;DR:</strong></abbr>

Si estás utilizando libraries de terceros que te dicen que las llames con `await`, del tipo:

```Python
results = await some_library()
```

    writePing()
    awaitPong()
  }

  /** For testing: sends a ping to be awaited with [awaitPong]. */
  @Throws(InterruptedException::class)
  fun writePing() {
    this.withLock {
      awaitPingsSent++
    }

    // 0x4f 0x4b 0x6f 0x6b is "OKok".
    writePing(false, AWAIT_PING, 0x4f4b6f6b)
  }

  /** For testing: awaits a pong. */
  @Throws(InterruptedException::class)
  fun awaitPong() {

# Nebenläufigkeit und async / await

Details zur `async def`-Syntax für *Pfadoperation-Funktionen* und Hintergrundinformationen zu asynchronem Code, Nebenläufigkeit und Parallelität.

## In Eile?

<abbr title="too long; didn't read – Zu lang; nicht gelesen"><strong>TL;DR:</strong></abbr>

Wenn Sie Bibliotheken von Dritten verwenden, die mit `await` aufgerufen werden müssen, wie zum Beispiel:

```Python
results = await some_library()
```

    waiter2.join();
  }

  public void testRemoveWaiter_polling() throws Exception {
    final AbstractFuture<String> future = new AbstractFuture<String>() {};
    WaiterThread waiter = new WaiterThread(future);
    waiter.start();
    waiter.awaitWaiting();
    PollingThread poller = new PollingThread(future);
    poller.start();
    PollingThread poller2 = new PollingThread(future);
    poller2.start();

    Thread waiter =
        new Thread() {
          @Override
          public void run() {
            try {
              service.awaitTermination(1, DAYS);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
              return;
            }
          }
        };
    waiter.start();
    awaitTimedWaiting(waiter);
    service.shutdown();

			outBufTrim := strings.TrimSpace(outBuf.String())

			if !c.isValid && strings.Compare(errMsgTrim, outBufTrim) != 0 {
				t.Fatalf("\nwanted: %v \nbut found: %v", errMsgTrim, outBufTrim)
			}

			if c.isValid && outBuf.Len() > 0 {
				t.Fatalf("\nwanted: %v \nbut found: %v", errMsgTrim, outBufTrim)
			}
			outBuf.Reset()
		})
	}

    Thread waiter =
        new Thread() {
          @Override
          public void run() {
            try {
              service.awaitTermination(1, DAYS);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
              return;
            }
          }
        };
    waiter.start();
    awaitTimedWaiting(waiter);
    service.shutdown();

* `seek(offset)`: Goes to the byte position `offset` (`int`) in the file.
    * E.g., `await myfile.seek(0)` would go to the start of the file.
    * This is especially useful if you run `await myfile.read()` once and then need to read the contents again.
* `close()`: Closes the file.

As all these methods are `async` methods, you need to "await" them.

For example, inside of an `async` *path operation function* you can get the contents with:

    try {
      // if waiting works, this should get stuck
      Queues.drain(q, newArrayList(), 1, MAX_VALUE, NANOSECONDS);
      fail();
    } catch (InterruptedException expected) {
      // we indeed waited; a slow thread had enough time to interrupt us
    }
  }

  // same as above; uninterruptible version
  @SuppressWarnings("ThreadPriorityCheck") // TODO: b/175898629 - Consider onSpinWait.