Exception exception = new Exception("Test failure");
        result.addFailure(exception);

        assertTrue(result.hasFailure());
        assertEquals(1, result.getFailures().size());
        assertEquals(exception, result.getFailures().get(0));
    }

    @Test
    public void test_addMultipleFailures() throws Exception {
        SuggestWriterResult result = new SuggestWriterResult();

from pydantic import BaseModel, create_model
from starlette.exceptions import HTTPException as StarletteHTTPException
from starlette.exceptions import WebSocketException as StarletteWebSocketException


class EndpointContext(TypedDict, total=False):
    function: str
    path: str
    file: str
    line: int


class HTTPException(StarletteHTTPException):
    """
    An HTTP exception you can raise in your own code to show errors to the client.

        // All threads should fail with the same IOException (project ID is blank)
        // But importantly, there should be no race condition errors
        assertEquals(threadCount, failureCount.get());
        assertEquals(0, successCount.get());

        // All exceptions should be about project ID being blank
        for (Exception e : exceptions) {
            assertTrue(e instanceof IOException);

        // All threads should fail with the same IOException (endpoint is blank)
        // But importantly, there should be no race condition errors
        assertEquals(threadCount, failureCount.get());
        assertEquals(0, successCount.get());

        // All exceptions should be about endpoint being blank
        for (Exception e : exceptions) {
            assertTrue(e instanceof IOException);

    captured_exception.exception = None
    try:
        client.get("/items/")
    except Exception:
        pass

    assert captured_exception.exception is not None
    error_str = str(captured_exception.exception)
    assert "get_item" in error_str
    assert "/items/" in error_str


def test_websocket_validation_error_includes_endpoint_context():
    captured_exception.exception = None
    try:

    }

    @Test
    public void testContentException() {
        CurlResponse response = new CurlResponse();
        Exception exception = new IOException("Test exception");

        response.setContentException(exception);

        assertSame(exception, response.getContentException());
    }

    @Test
    public void testHeaders() {
        CurlResponse response = new CurlResponse();

        assertFalse(component.isCloseCalled());

        try {
            failingFactory.destroyObject(pooledObject);
            fail("Should throw exception from close()");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // Expected - exception should propagate from close()
            assertTrue(e.getMessage().contains("Intentional close failure"));
        }

        // Verify close was attempted

        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("should handle strategy exceptions gracefully")
        void shouldHandleStrategyExceptionsGracefully() throws Exception {
            UpgradeContext context = createMockContext();
            Map<Path, Document> pomMap = Map.of(Paths.get("pom.xml"), mock(Document.class));

            // Mock first strategy to throw exception
            when(mockStrategies.get(0).isApplicable(context)).thenReturn(true);

{* ../../docs_src/handling_errors/tutorial002_py39.py hl[14] *}

## Install custom exception handlers { #install-custom-exception-handlers }

You can add custom exception handlers with <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/exceptions/" class="external-link" target="_blank">the same exception utilities from Starlette</a>.

Let's say you have a custom exception `UnicornException` that you (or a library you use) might `raise`.

            final String message = e.getMessage();
            assertNotNull("Exception message should not be null", message);
            assertFalse("Exception message should not be empty", message.trim().isEmpty());
            assertTrue("Exception message should mention 'inputstream'", message.toLowerCase().contains("inputstream"));
            assertTrue("Exception message should mention 'null'", message.toLowerCase().contains("null"));
        }