GsaConfigException exception = new GsaConfigException("Top level GSA error", intermediateCause);

        assertNotNull(exception);
        assertEquals("Top level GSA error", exception.getMessage());

        // Check first level cause
        assertNotNull(exception.getCause());
        assertEquals("Intermediate problem", exception.getCause().getMessage());

        Exception intermediateCause = new IllegalStateException("Intermediate cause", rootCause);
        ScriptEngineException exception = new ScriptEngineException("Top level error", intermediateCause);

        assertEquals("Top level error", exception.getMessage());
        assertEquals(intermediateCause, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals("Intermediate cause", exception.getCause().getMessage());

   *
   * <p>This uses an efficient binary recursive algorithm to compute the factorial with balanced
   * multiplies. It also removes all the 2s from the intermediate products (shifting them back in at
   * the end).
   *
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code n < 0}
   */
  public static BigInteger factorial(int n) {
    checkNonNegative("n", n);

  static long hash128to64(long high, long low) {
    long a = (low ^ high) * K3;
    a ^= a >>> 47;
    long b = (high ^ a) * K3;
    b ^= b >>> 47;
    b *= K3;
    return b;
  }

  /**
   * Computes intermediate hash of 32 bytes of byte array from the given offset. Results are
   * returned in the output array - this is 12% faster than allocating new arrays every time.
   */
  private static void weakHashLength32WithSeeds(

        // Test constructor with nested exceptions
        Throwable rootCause = new IllegalStateException("Root cause");
        Throwable intermediateCause = new RuntimeException("Intermediate cause", rootCause);
        String message = "Top level error";
        SearchEngineClientException exception = new SearchEngineClientException(message, intermediateCause);

        assertNotNull(exception);

  static long hash128to64(long high, long low) {
    long a = (low ^ high) * K3;
    a ^= a >>> 47;
    long b = (high ^ a) * K3;
    b ^= b >>> 47;
    b *= K3;
    return b;
  }

  /**
   * Computes intermediate hash of 32 bytes of byte array from the given offset. Results are
   * returned in the output array - this is 12% faster than allocating new arrays every time.
   */
  private static void weakHashLength32WithSeeds(

   */
  public static LinearTransformationBuilder mapping(double x1, double y1) {
    checkArgument(isFinite(x1) && isFinite(y1));
    return new LinearTransformationBuilder(x1, y1);
  }

  /**
   * This is an intermediate stage in the construction process. It is returned by {@link
   * LinearTransformation#mapping}. You almost certainly don't want to keep instances around, but

  public boolean removeIfZero(K key) {
    return remove(key, 0);
  }

  /**
   * Removes all mappings from this map whose values are zero.
   *
   * <p>This method is not atomic: the map may be visible in intermediate states, where some of the
   * zero values have been removed and others have not.
   */
  public void removeAllZeros() {
    map.values().removeIf(x -> x == 0);
  }

  /**

   *   <li>{@link Cancellation} terminal state, {@code cancel} was called.
   *   <li>{@link Failure} terminal state, {@code setException} was called.
   *   <li>{@link DelegatingToFuture} intermediate state, {@code setFuture} was called.
   *   <li>{@link #NULL} terminal state, {@code set(null)} was called.
   *   <li>Any other non-null value, terminal state, {@code set} was called with a non-null
   *       argument.

         *
         * We carry out this computation in modular arithmetic. Since times2ToThe32Mod accepts any
         * unsigned long, we don't have to do a mod on every operation, only when intermediate
         * results can exceed 2^63.
         */
        long result = times2ToThe32Mod(aHi * bHi /* < 2^62 */, m); // < m < 2^63
        result += aHi * bLo; // aHi * bLo < 2^63, result < 2^64