@Test
    @DisplayName("readULong correctly interprets little endian")
    void testReadULong() {
        byte[] a = new byte[] { (byte) 0x01, (byte) 0x02, (byte) 0x03, (byte) 0x04 };
        int result = NtlmMessage.readULong(a, 0);
        assertEquals(0x04030201, result, "ULong should be little‑endian");
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("readUShort correctly interprets little endian")
    void testReadUShort() {

        byte[] rawBytes = new byte[] { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04 }; // Represents 0x04030201 (little-endian)
        AvFlags avFlags = new AvFlags(rawBytes);
        assertNotNull(avFlags, "AvFlags object should not be null");
        assertEquals(0x04030201, avFlags.getFlags(), "Flags should match the raw bytes (little-endian)");

        // Test with zero
        byte[] zeroBytes = new byte[] { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };

        setPrivateField(cmd, "maxReferralLevel", 0x12AB);
        byte[] buffer = new byte[100];
        int len = cmd.writeParametersWireFormat(buffer, 0);
        assertTrue(len >= 2);
        // writeInt2 writes in little-endian format (LSB first)
        assertEquals(0xAB, buffer[0] & 0xFF);
        assertEquals(0x12, buffer[1] & 0xFF);
        // Check that the path is written after the referral level

                        final RC4 rc4 = new RC4(ntlm2SessionKey);
                        rc4.update(masterKey, 0, 16, exchangedKey, 0);
                        /* RC4 was not added to Java until 1.5u7 so let's use our own for a little while longer ...
                        try {
                            Cipher rc4 = Cipher.getInstance("RC4");
                            rc4.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, new SecretKeySpec(ntlm2SessionKey, "RC4"));

        int bytesWritten = request.writeBytesWireFormat(buffer, offset);

        // Then
        assertEquals(4, bytesWritten, "Should write 4 bytes");
        // Check that structure size (4) is written as 2-byte little-endian
        assertEquals(4, buffer[offset] | (buffer[offset + 1] << 8), "Structure size should be 4");
        assertEquals(0, buffer[offset + 2], "Reserved bytes should be 0");

        @DisplayName("Should handle signed byte value correctly")
        void testReadBytesWireFormatSignedByteValue() {
            // Given
            byte[] buffer = new byte[10];
            // Write 4 in little-endian format
            buffer[0] = 0x04;
            buffer[1] = 0x00;

            // When & Then
            assertDoesNotThrow(() -> {
                int bytesRead = response.readBytesWireFormat(buffer, 0);

            nonces[i] = encryptionContext.generateNonce();
        }

        // Then - Check that counter portion has entropy
        // For SMB3-compliant nonces, the first 8 bytes are a counter (little-endian)
        // so we check that the counter bytes change as expected
        Set<String> uniqueCounters = new HashSet<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < sampleSize; i++) {
            // Extract first 8 bytes as counter

        // Read GUID components in little-endian order
        int data1 = bb.getInt(); // first 4 bytes (little-endian)
        short data2 = bb.getShort(); // next 2 bytes (little-endian)
        short data3 = bb.getShort(); // next 2 bytes (little-endian)

        // The last 8 bytes are read as big-endian (network byte order for the high/low parts)

public class SMBUtil {

    /**
     * Private constructor to prevent instantiation of utility class.
     */
    private SMBUtil() {
    }

    /**
     * Writes a 16-bit integer value to a byte array in little-endian format
     * @param val the value to write
     * @param dst the destination byte array
     * @param dstIndex the starting index in the destination array
     */

        buf.enc_ndr_small(5); /* RPC version */
        buf.enc_ndr_small(0); /* minor version */
        buf.enc_ndr_small(this.ptype);
        buf.enc_ndr_small(this.flags);
        buf.enc_ndr_long(0x00000010); /* Little-endian / ASCII / IEEE */
        buf.enc_ndr_short(this.length);
        buf.enc_ndr_short(0); /* length of auth_value */
        buf.enc_ndr_long(this.call_id);
    }