Exception innermost = new IOException("Innermost exception");
            Exception middle = new RuntimeException("Middle exception", innermost);
            Exception rootCause = new IllegalStateException("Outer exception", middle);
            TransportException exception = new TransportException("Transport failed", rootCause);

            String result = exception.toString();

            assertNotNull(result);

        ClassPath.getClassPathEntry(new File("/home/build/outer.jar"), "file:/usr/test/dep.jar")
            .toURI());
    assertEquals(
        new File("/home/build/a.jar").toURI(),
        ClassPath.getClassPathEntry(new File("/home/build/outer.jar"), "a.jar").toURI());
    assertEquals(
        new File("/home/build/x/y/z").toURI(),
        ClassPath.getClassPathEntry(new File("/home/build/outer.jar"), "x/y/z").toURI());
    assertEquals(

            return super.writeReplace();
          }
        };
    ImmutableRangeMap<K, V> outer = this;
    return new ImmutableRangeMap<K, V>(subRanges, values.subList(lowerIndex, upperIndex)) {
      @Override
      public ImmutableRangeMap<K, V> subRangeMap(Range<K> subRange) {
        if (range.isConnected(subRange)) {
          return outer.subRangeMap(subRange.intersection(range));
        } else {

    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Parse accepts non-zero outer tag numbers (current implementation behavior)")
    void testParseAcceptsNonZeroOuterTag() throws Exception {
        // Note: The current implementation does not validate the outer APPLICATION tag number
        // This test documents the actual behavior - any tag number is accepted
        byte[] token =

            return super.writeReplace();
          }
        };
    ImmutableRangeMap<K, V> outer = this;
    return new ImmutableRangeMap<K, V>(subRanges, values.subList(lowerIndex, upperIndex)) {
      @Override
      public ImmutableRangeMap<K, V> subRangeMap(Range<K> subRange) {
        if (range.isConnected(subRange)) {
          return outer.subRangeMap(subRange.intersection(range));
        } else {

    checkNotNull(target, "target");
    if (target.length == 0) {
      return 0;
    }

    outer:
    for (int i = 0; i < array.length - target.length + 1; i++) {
      for (int j = 0; j < target.length; j++) {
        if (array[i + j] != target[j]) {
          continue outer;
        }
      }
      return i;
    }
    return -1;
  }

  /**

    checkNotNull(target, "target");
    if (target.length == 0) {
      return 0;
    }

    outer:
    for (int i = 0; i < array.length - target.length + 1; i++) {
      for (int j = 0; j < target.length; j++) {
        if (array[i + j] != target[j]) {
          continue outer;
        }
      }
      return i;
    }
    return -1;
  }

  /**

        }

        // Calculate inner hash
        md5.reset();
        md5.update(ipad);
        md5.update(data);
        byte[] innerHash = md5.digest();

        // Calculate outer hash
        md5.reset();
        md5.update(opad);
        return md5.digest(innerHash);
    }

        mixedMap.put(null, "test");
        assertEquals(228L, MemoryUtil.sizeOf(mixedMap));

        // Nested maps
        Map<String, Map<String, String>> nestedMap = new HashMap<>();
        nestedMap.put("outer", Maps.map("inner", "value").$());
        assertEquals(183L, MemoryUtil.sizeOf(nestedMap));
    }

    public void test_sizeOf_customObjects() {
        // Test fallback case for custom objects (should return 16L)

    checkNotNull(target, "target");
    if (target.length == 0) {
      return 0;
    }

    outer:
    for (int i = 0; i < array.length - target.length + 1; i++) {
      for (int j = 0; j < target.length; j++) {
        if (array[i + j] != target[j]) {
          continue outer;
        }
      }
      return i;
    }
    return -1;
  }

  /**