*   <li>{@link CharMatcher#ascii} matches ASCII characters and provides text processing methods
 *       which operate only on the ASCII characters of a string.
 * </ul>
 *
 * @author Catherine Berry
 * @author Gregory Kick
 * @since 7.0
 */
@GwtCompatible
public final class Ascii {

  private Ascii() {}

  /* The ASCII control characters, per RFC 20. */
  /**

 *   <li>{@link CharMatcher#ascii} matches ASCII characters and provides text processing methods
 *       which operate only on the ASCII characters of a string.
 * </ul>
 *
 * @author Catherine Berry
 * @author Gregory Kick
 * @since 7.0
 */
@GwtCompatible
public final class Ascii {

  private Ascii() {}

  /* The ASCII control characters, per RFC 20. */
  /**

        }

        @ParameterizedTest
        @DisplayName("getBytes should handle various string inputs")
        @NullAndEmptySource
        @ValueSource(strings = { "Simple ASCII", "Special chars: !@#$%^&*()", "Unicode: ñöt ascii ℃", "Mixed: ASCII + 中文 + Русский",
                "Emojis: 🎉🌟💻", "Very long string with multiple words and various characters 1234567890" })
        void testGetBytesWithVariousInputs(String input) {

    assertThat(Files.toString(temp, UTF_8)).isEqualTo(ASCII);
  }

  public void testCopyIdenticalFiles() throws IOException {
    File temp1 = createTempFile();
    Files.write(ASCII, temp1, UTF_8);
    File temp2 = createTempFile();
    Files.write(ASCII, temp2, UTF_8);
    Files.copy(temp1, temp2);
    assertThat(Files.toString(temp2, UTF_8)).isEqualTo(ASCII);
  }

  public void testEqual() throws IOException {

        String name1 = "WORKSTATION     ";
        System.arraycopy(name1.getBytes("US-ASCII"), 0, src, srcIndex + 1, 16);
        src[srcIndex + 16] = 0x00; // hex code
        src[srcIndex + 17] = 0x04; // flags: active

        // Second name entry (18 bytes)
        String name2 = "DOMAIN          ";
        System.arraycopy(name2.getBytes("US-ASCII"), 0, src, srcIndex + 19, 16);
        src[srcIndex + 34] = 0x00; // hex code

        descrField.setAccessible(true);
        String descr = (String) descrField.get(null);

        assertEquals("WrLeh\u0000B13BWz\u0000", descr);

        // Verify ASCII conversion
        byte[] descrBytes = descr.getBytes("ASCII");
        assertNotNull(descrBytes);
        assertEquals(13, descrBytes.length); // WrLeh(5) + null(1) + B13BWz(6) + null(1) = 13
    }

    @Test

 * lookups.
 *
 * <p>During construction, names are normalized in two ways:
 *
 * <ol>
 *   <li>ASCII uppercase characters are converted to lowercase.
 *   <li>Unicode dot separators other than the ASCII period ({@code '.'}) are converted to the ASCII
 *       period.
 * </ol>
 *
 * <p>The normalized values will be returned from {@link #toString()} and {@link #parts()}, and will

// trailing white space, as defined by Unicode.
func TrimSpace(s []byte) []byte {
	// Fast path for ASCII: look for the first ASCII non-space byte.
	for lo, c := range s {
		if c >= utf8.RuneSelf {
			// If we run into a non-ASCII byte, fall back to the
			// slower unicode-aware method on the remaining bytes.
			return TrimFunc(s[lo:], unicode.IsSpace)
		}

   * (<code>'&#92;u002D'</code>) is recognized as the minus sign.
   *
   * <p>Unlike {@link Integer#parseInt(String)}, this method returns {@code null} instead of
   * throwing an exception if parsing fails. Additionally, this method only accepts ASCII digits,
   * and returns {@code null} if non-ASCII digits are present in the string.
   *

internal fun Array<String>.concat(value: String): Array<String> {
  val result = copyOf(size + 1)
  result[result.lastIndex] = value
  return result as Array<String>
}

/** Increments [startIndex] until this string is not ASCII whitespace. Stops at [endIndex]. */
internal fun String.indexOfFirstNonAsciiWhitespace(
  startIndex: Int = 0,
  endIndex: Int = length,
): Int {
  for (i in startIndex until endIndex) {
    when (this[i]) {