@Nested
    @DisplayName("Wire format method behaviour")
    class WireFormatMethods {
        @ParameterizedTest
        @ValueSource(ints = { 0, 1, -1, Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE })
        @DisplayName("writeSetupWireFormat returns 0 for all indices")
        void writeSetupWireFormatReturnsZero(int index) {
            TransWaitNamedPipeResponse resp = new TransWaitNamedPipeResponse();

        void nullArray() {
            assertEquals(0, response.writeParameterWordsWireFormat(null, 0));
        }

        @ParameterizedTest
        @ValueSource(ints = { 0, 5, 9 })
        @DisplayName("Returns 0 with valid array and various indices")
        void nonNullArray(int index) {
            byte[] arr = new byte[10];
            assertEquals(0, response.writeParameterWordsWireFormat(arr, index));
        }
    }

    @Nested

        assertNotNull(msg, "Message must not be null after construction");
    }

    @ParameterizedTest
    @ValueSource(ints = { 0, 1, 5, -1, 10 })
    @DisplayName("writeParameterWordsWireFormat always returns 0")
    void writeParameterWordsWireFormatReturnsZero(int index) {
        SmbComLogoffAndX msg = new SmbComLogoffAndX(null);

        @ParameterizedTest
        @ValueSource(ints = { -10, -1, 0, 1, 42 })
        @DisplayName("Returns 0 regardless of dst and index")
        void returnsZero_forVariousIndexes(int index) {
            // Arrange
            Smb2LogoffResponse resp = newResponse();
            byte[] buffer = new byte[8];
            byte[] original = buffer.clone();

            // Act
            int written = resp.writeBytesWireFormat(buffer, index);

     * Validate that the constructor masks the supplied value to its
     * lowest 8 bits (NdrShort incorrectly masks to 8 bits even though it's a short).
     */
    @ParameterizedTest
    @ValueSource(ints = { 0, 1, 255, -1, 256, 65535 })
    void constructorMasksValue(int input) {
        NdrShort ns = new NdrShort(input);
        // NdrShort masks to 0xFF (8 bits) in its constructor
        int expected = input & 0xFF;

    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Each error code mapping contains exactly two ints")
    void testEachPairLength() {
        for (int i = 0; i < DosError.DOS_ERROR_CODES.length; i++) {
            int[] pair = DosError.DOS_ERROR_CODES[i];
            assertEquals(2, pair.length, String.format("Error mapping at index %d should contain two integers", i));
        }

            assertEquals(-10L, mock.length());
        }
    }

    @ParameterizedTest(name = "getType returns {0}")
    @ValueSource(ints = { 0, 1, -5, Integer.MAX_VALUE })
    @DisplayName("Parameterized type values")
    void typeParameterized(int type) {
        FileEntry mock = mock(FileEntry.class);
        when(mock.getType()).thenReturn(type);
        assertEquals(type, mock.getType());
    }

    }

    @ParameterizedTest
    @DisplayName("getPipeType echoes constructor input (edge values)")
    @ValueSource(ints = { 0, SmbPipeResource.PIPE_TYPE_RDONLY, SmbPipeResource.PIPE_TYPE_WRONLY, SmbPipeResource.PIPE_TYPE_DCE_TRANSACT })
    void getPipeTypeEchoesInput(int pipeType) throws Exception {
        // Arrange & Act
        SmbNamedPipe pipe = new SmbNamedPipe("smb://server/IPC$/foo", pipeType, ctx());

        // writeInt2 writes in little-endian format (LSB first)
        int written = (buffer[0] & 0xFF) | ((buffer[1] & 0xFF) << 8);
        int expected = level & 0xFFFF;
        assertEquals(expected, written);
    }

    // Helper method to extract string from buffer
    private String extractStringFromBuffer(byte[] buffer, int offset, int maxLen) {
        int end = offset;
        while (end < offset + maxLen && buffer[end] != 0) {

        assertEquals(64, result.length()); // 32 bytes * 2 chars per byte
    }

    @ParameterizedTest
    @ValueSource(ints = { 1, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256 })
    @DisplayName("Should handle various data sizes")
    void testVariousDataSizes(int size) {
        // Given
        byte[] data = createTestData(size);

        // When
        String result = Hexdump.toHexString(data);

        // Then