Le paramètre de requête `q` a pour type `Union[str, None]` (ou `str | None` en Python 3.10), signifiant qu'il est de type `str` mais pourrait aussi être égal à `None`, et bien sûr, la valeur par défaut est `None`, donc **FastAPI** saura qu'il n'est pas requis.

/// note

**FastAPI** saura que la valeur de `q` n'est pas requise grâce à la valeur par défaut `= None`.

class Item(BaseModel):
    name: Union[str, None] = None
    description: Union[str, None] = None
    price: Union[float, None] = None
    tax: float = 10.5
    tags: List[str] = []


items = {
    "foo": {"name": "Foo", "price": 50.2},
    "bar": {"name": "Bar", "description": "The bartenders", "price": 62, "tax": 20.2},
    "baz": {"name": "Baz", "description": None, "price": 50.2, "tax": 10.5, "tags": []},
}

                    return elements[index];
                  }
                };
              }
            })
        .named("AbstractList")
        .withFeatures(
            CollectionFeature.NONE, CollectionFeature.ALLOWS_NULL_VALUES, CollectionSize.ANY)
        .suppressing(suppressForAbstractList())
        .createTestSuite();
  }

  public Test testsForAbstractSequentialList() {

app = FastAPI()


class Image(BaseModel):
    url: HttpUrl
    name: str


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: Union[str, None] = None
    price: float
    tax: Union[float, None] = None
    tags: Set[str] = set()
    image: Union[Image, None] = None


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item):
    results = {"item_id": item_id, "item": item}

app = FastAPI()


class Image(BaseModel):
    url: HttpUrl
    name: str


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: Union[str, None] = None
    price: float
    tax: Union[float, None] = None
    tags: set[str] = set()
    images: Union[list[Image], None] = None


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item):
    results = {"item_id": item_id, "item": item}

@app.get("/")
async def get():
    return HTMLResponse(html)


async def get_cookie_or_token(
    websocket: WebSocket,
    session: Union[str, None] = Cookie(default=None),
    token: Union[str, None] = Query(default=None),
):
    if session is None and token is None:
        raise WebSocketException(code=status.WS_1008_POLICY_VIOLATION)
    return session or token


@app.websocket("/items/{item_id}/ws")

app = FastAPI()


class Image(BaseModel):
    url: HttpUrl
    name: str


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: Union[str, None] = None
    price: float
    tax: Union[float, None] = None
    tags: Set[str] = set()
    images: Union[List[Image], None] = None


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item):
    results = {"item_id": item_id, "item": item}

        {"name": "foo", "price": None, "owner_ids": None},
        {"name": "bar", "price": 1.0, "owner_ids": None},
        {"name": "baz", "price": 2.0, "owner_ids": [1, 2, 3]},

            "axisLabel": "",
            "axisPlacement": "auto",
            "barAlignment": 0,
            "drawStyle": "line",
            "fillOpacity": 10,
            "gradientMode": "none",
            "hideFrom": {
              "legend": false,
              "tooltip": false,
              "viz": false
            },
            "insertNulls": false,
            "lineInterpolation": "linear",

    username: str
    password: str
    email: EmailStr
    full_name: str | None = None


class UserOut(BaseModel):
    username: str
    email: EmailStr
    full_name: str | None = None


class UserInDB(BaseModel):
    username: str
    hashed_password: str
    email: EmailStr
    full_name: str | None = None


def fake_password_hasher(raw_password: str):
    return "supersecret" + raw_password