if (str == null) {
            return new byte[0];
        }
        return str.getBytes(encoding);
    }

    /**
     * Encodes a string into UTF-16LE (Unicode Little Endian) bytes.
     *
     * @param str the string to encode
     * @return the string as bytes (UTF16-LE)
     */
    public static byte[] getUNIBytes(final String str) {

 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 */
package jcifs.pac;

/**
 * Represents a Unicode string structure as used in PAC data.
 * This class encapsulates the metadata for a Unicode string including its length,
 * maximum length, and pointer to the actual string data.
 */
public class PacUnicodeString {

    private final short length;

```

////

#### ⚙️ `Union` ⚖️ `Optional`

🚥 👆 ⚙️ 🐍 ⏬ 🔛 3️⃣.1️⃣0️⃣, 📥 💁‍♂ ⚪️➡️ 👇 📶 **🤔** ☝ 🎑:

* 👶 ❎ ⚙️ `Optional[SomeType]`
* ↩️ 👶 **⚙️ `Union[SomeType, None]`** 👶.

👯‍♂️ 🌓 & 🔘 👫 🎏, ✋️ 👤 🔜 👍 `Union` ↩️ `Optional` ↩️ 🔤 "**📦**" 🔜 😑 🔑 👈 💲 📦, & ⚫️ 🤙 ⛓ "⚫️ 💪 `None`", 🚥 ⚫️ 🚫 📦 & ✔.

👤 💭 `Union[SomeType, None]` 🌖 🔑 🔃 ⚫️❔ ⚫️ ⛓.

	"io"
	"strings"
	"testing"
	"unicode"
	"unicode/utf8"
)

const smallMaxTokenSize = 256 // Much smaller for more efficient testing.

// Test white space table matches the Unicode definition.
func TestSpace(t *testing.T) {
	for r := rune(0); r <= utf8.MaxRune; r++ {
		if IsSpace(r) != unicode.IsSpace(r) {
			t.Fatalf("white space property disagrees: %#U should be %t", r, unicode.IsSpace(r))
		}
	}
}

```Python
q: str
```

statt:

```Python
q: Union[str, None] = None
```

Aber jetzt deklarieren wir den Parameter mit `Query`, wie in:

//// tab | Annotiert

```Python
q: Annotated[Union[str, None], Query(min_length=3)] = None
```

////

//// tab | Nicht annotiert

```Python
q: Union[str, None] = Query(default=None, min_length=3)
```

////

import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;

/**
 * Unit test for {@link Ascii}.
 *
 * @author Craig Berry
 */
@GwtCompatible
@NullUnmarked
public class AsciiTest extends TestCase {

  /**
   * The Unicode points {@code 00c1} and {@code 00e1} are the upper- and lowercase forms of
   * A-with-acute-accent, {@code Á} and {@code á}.
   */
  private static final String IGNORED = "`10-=~!@#$%^&*()_+[]\\{}|;':\",./<>?'\u00c1\u00e1\n";

import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;

/**
 * Unit test for {@link Ascii}.
 *
 * @author Craig Berry
 */
@GwtCompatible
@NullUnmarked
public class AsciiTest extends TestCase {

  /**
   * The Unicode points {@code 00c1} and {@code 00e1} are the upper- and lowercase forms of
   * A-with-acute-accent, {@code Á} and {@code á}.
   */
  private static final String IGNORED = "`10-=~!@#$%^&*()_+[]\\{}|;':\",./<>?'\u00c1\u00e1\n";

In general, ASGI middlewares are classes that expect to receive an ASGI app as the first argument.

So, in the documentation for third-party ASGI middlewares they will probably tell you to do something like:

```Python
from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

app = SomeASGIApp()

new_app = UnicornMiddleware(app, some_config="rainbow")
```

        }
    }

    @Nested
    @DisplayName("Unicode Support Tests")
    class UnicodeSupportTests {

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should always force unicode")
        void testIsForceUnicode() {
            assertTrue(response.isForceUnicode());
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should consistently return true for unicode")
        void testIsForceUnicodeMultipleCalls() {

        byte[] buffer = new byte[32];
        // Mock data for FsFullSizeInformation
        writeInt8(3000, buffer, 0); // total allocation units
        writeInt8(1500, buffer, 8); // caller available allocation units
        writeInt8(1500, buffer, 16); // actual free units (skipped)
        writeInt4(4, buffer, 24); // sectors per allocation unit
        writeInt4(8192, buffer, 28); // bytes per sector