/** Don't accept an unvalidated cached response. */
    fun noCache() = commonNoCache()

    /** Don't store the server's response in any cache. */
    fun noStore() = commonNoStore()

    /**
     * Only accept the response if it is in the cache. If the response isn't cached, a `504
     * Unsatisfiable Request` response will be returned.
     */
    fun onlyIfCached() = commonOnlyIfCached()

    response = client.post("/tuple-of-models/", json=data)
    assert response.status_code == 422, response.text

    data = [{"x": 1, "y": 2}]
    response = client.post("/tuple-of-models/", json=data)
    assert response.status_code == 422, response.text


def test_tuple_form_valid():
    response = client.post("/tuple-form/", data={"values": ("1", "2")})
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text

def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {
        "openapi": "3.1.0",
        "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
        "paths": {
            "/a/": {
                "get": {
                    "responses": {
                        "200": {

def test_get_item():
    response = client.get("/items/foo")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"item": "The Foo Wrestlers"}


def test_get_item_not_found():
    response = client.get("/items/bar")
    assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
    assert response.headers.get("x-error") == "Some custom header"
    assert response.json() == {"detail": "Item not found"}

from fastapi.responses import FileResponse
from pydantic import BaseModel


class Item(BaseModel):
    id: str
    value: str


responses = {
    404: {"description": "Item not found"},
    302: {"description": "The item was moved"},
    403: {"description": "Not enough privileges"},
}


app = FastAPI()


@app.get(
    "/items/{item_id}",
    response_model=Item,

<img src="/img/tutorial/custom-response/image01.png">

## Respostas disponíveis { #available-responses }

Aqui estão algumas dos tipos de resposta disponíveis.

Lembre-se que você pode utilizar `Response` para retornar qualquer outra coisa, ou até mesmo criar uma subclasse personalizada.

/// note | Detalhes Técnicos

Você também pode utilizar `from starlette.responses import HTMLResponse`.

def test_get():
    response = client.get("/users/")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == ["Rick", "Morty"]


def test_dummy_webhook():
    # Just for coverage
    app.webhooks.routes[0].endpoint({})


def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {

def test_path_operations():
    response = client.get("/valid1")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    response = client.get("/valid2")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    response = client.get("/valid3")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    response = client.get("/valid4")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text


def test_openapi_schema():

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/a", responses={"hello": {"description": "Not a valid additional response"}})
async def a():
    pass  # pragma: no cover


openapi_schema = {
    "openapi": "3.1.0",
    "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
    "paths": {
        "/a": {
            "get": {
                "responses": {

        detail: str

    app = FastAPI()

    with pytest.raises(PydanticV1NotSupportedError):

        @app.get(
            "/responses", response_model=None, responses={400: {"model": ErrorModelV1}}
        )
        def endpoint():  # pragma: no cover
            return {"ok": True}


def test_raises_pydantic_v1_model_in_union() -> None:
    class ModelV1A(BaseModel):
        name: str

    app = FastAPI()