8. Notice that this *path operation function* uses regular `def` instead of `async def`.

    As always, in FastAPI you can combine `def` and `async def` as needed.

    If you need a refresher about when to use which, check out the section _"In a hurry?"_ in the docs about [`async` and `await`](../async.md#in-a-hurry).

# Devolver una Response Directamente { #return-a-response-directly }

Cuando creas una *path operation* en **FastAPI**, normalmente puedes devolver cualquier dato desde ella: un `dict`, una `list`, un modelo de Pydantic, un modelo de base de datos, etc.

Si declaras un [Response Model](../tutorial/response-model.md) FastAPI lo usará para serializar los datos a JSON, usando Pydantic.

            processChatRequest(request, response);
        } else {
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                logger.debug("Unknown chat API path. path={}", servletPath);
            }
            writeJsonResponse(response, HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_FOUND, createErrorResponse("Not found"));
        }
    }

    /**

      override val badValue: Cache =
        Cache(
          object : ForwardingFileSystem(FakeFileSystem()) {
            override fun onPathParameter(
              path: Path,
              functionName: String,
              parameterName: String,
            ): Path = TODO()
          },
          "/cash".toPath(),
          1,
        )

      override fun isDefaultValue(value: Cache?): Boolean = value == null
    }

### コード内での`HTTPException`の発生 { #raise-an-httpexception-in-your-code }

`HTTPException`は通常のPythonの例外であり、APIに関連するデータを追加したものです。

Pythonの例外なので、`return`ではなく、`raise`です。

これはまた、*path operation関数*の内部で呼び出しているユーティリティ関数の内部から`HTTPException`を発生させた場合、*path operation関数*の残りのコードは実行されず、そのリクエストを直ちに終了させ、`HTTPException`からのHTTPエラーをクライアントに送信することを意味します。

値を返す`return`よりも例外を発生させることの利点は、「依存関係とセキュリティ」のセクションでより明確になります。

if .Values.consoleIngress.tls }} tls: {{- range .Values.consoleIngress.tls }} - hosts: {{- range .hosts }} - {{ . | quote }} {{- end }} secretName: {{ .secretName }} {{- end }} {{- end }} rules: {{- range .Values.consoleIngress.hosts }} - http: paths: - path: {{ $ingressPath }} backend: serviceName: {{ $fullName }} servicePort: {{ $servicePort }} {{- if . }} host: {{ . | quote }} {{- end }} {{- end }} {{- end }} minio/templates/console-service.yaml {{ $scheme := "http" }} {{- if .Values.tls.enabled...

    private SmbFileInputStream newStream() throws SmbException {
        // Constructor that avoids external I/O; stays in-memory
        when(mockTree.isSMB2()).thenReturn(true); // default SMB2 for simple happy-path
        return new SmbFileInputStream(mockFile, mockTree, mockHandle);
    }

    @BeforeEach
    void setUp() throws Exception {
        // Common, safe defaults for collaborators

                LocalRepositoryManager lrm = session.getLocalRepositoryManager();
                String path = lrm.getPathForLocalArtifact(artifactRequest.getArtifact());
                artifact.setFile(new File(lrm.getRepository().getBasedir(), path));

                RepositorySystem repoSystem = container.lookup(RepositorySystem.class);

     *
     * @return the transport pool
     */
    SmbTransportPool getTransportPool();

    /**
     * Get the DFS resolver for handling distributed file system paths
     *
     * @return the DFS instance for this context
     */
    DfsResolver getDfs();

    /**
     * Get the SID resolver for resolving security identifiers
     *

    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == snapshot(
        {
            "openapi": "3.1.0",
            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
            "paths": {
                "/login": {
                    "post": {
                        "responses": {
                            "200": {
                                "description": "Successful Response",