توی پایتون 3.6 و بالاتر (از جمله پایتون 3.10) می‌تونی با وارد کردن و استفاده از `Optional` از ماژول `typing` اینو تعریف کنی.

```Python hl_lines="1  4"
{!../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009.py!}
```

استفاده از `Optional[str]` به جای فقط `str` به ویرایشگر کمک می‌کنه خطاهایی که ممکنه فکر کنی یه مقدار همیشه `str` هست رو پیدا کنه، در حالی که می‌تونه `None` هم باشه.

```Python hl_lines="1  4"
{!../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009.py!}
```

O uso de `Optional[str]` em vez de apenas `str` permitirá que o editor o ajude a detectar erros, onde você pode estar assumindo que um valor é sempre um `str`, quando na verdade também pode ser `None`.

     * @return Java path type associated to the given location
     */
    public static Optional<JavaPathType> valueOf(JavaFileManager.Location location) {
        for (JavaPathType type : JavaPathType.values()) {
            if (location.equals(type.location)) {
                return Optional.of(type);
            }
        }
        return Optional.empty();
    }

    /**

```Python hl_lines="1  4"
{!../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009.py!}
```

`Optional[str]` ব্যবহার করা মানে হল শুধু `str` নয়, এটি হতে পারে `None`-ও, যা আপনার এডিটরকে সেই ত্রুটিগুলি শনাক্ত করতে সাহায্য করবে যেখানে আপনি ধরে নিচ্ছেন যে একটি মান সবসময় `str` হবে, অথচ এটি `None`-ও হতে পারেও।

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
			<version>1.7.26</version>
			<optional>true</optional>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
			<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
			<version>1.3.5</version>
			<optional>true</optional>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>

 */
package org.apache.maven.api.services;

import java.io.Closeable;
import java.net.URI;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.util.Optional;

import org.apache.maven.api.RemoteRepository;
import org.apache.maven.api.annotations.Consumer;
import org.apache.maven.api.annotations.Experimental;
import org.apache.maven.api.annotations.Nonnull;

/**

@REM Apache Maven Upgrade Script
@REM
@REM Environment Variable Prerequisites
@REM
@REM   JAVA_HOME           (Optional) Points to a Java installation.
@REM   MAVEN_OPTS          (Optional) Java runtime options used when Maven is executed.
@REM   MAVEN_SKIP_RC       (Optional) Flag to disable loading of mavenrc files.
@REM -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Apache Maven Encrypt Script
#
# Environment Variable Prerequisites
#
#   JAVA_HOME           (Optional) Points to a Java installation.
#   MAVEN_OPTS          (Optional) Java runtime options used when Maven is executed.
#   MAVEN_SKIP_RC       (Optional) Flag to disable loading of mavenrc files.
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Apache Maven Encrypt Script
#
# Environment Variable Prerequisites
#
#   JAVA_HOME           (Optional) Points to a Java installation.
#   MAVEN_OPTS          (Optional) Java runtime options used when Maven is executed.
#   MAVEN_SKIP_RC       (Optional) Flag to disable loading of mavenrc files.
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

#### Possibly `None` (Optional)

Ви можете оголосити, що значення може мати тип, наприклад `str`, але також може бути `None`.

У Python 3.6 і вище (включаючи Python 3.10) ви можете оголосити його, імпортувавши та використовуючи `Optional` з модуля `typing`.

```Python hl_lines="1  4"
{!../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009.py!}
```