* {@code String} and a {@code String} to an {@code int} that treat the {@code int} as an unsigned
 * number.
 *
 * <p>Users of these utilities must be <i>extremely careful</i> not to mix up signed and unsigned
 * {@code int} values. When possible, it is recommended that the {@link UnsignedInteger} wrapper

///

## Преимущества **FastAPI** { #fastapi-utilities }

Fast API предоставляет несколько инструментов для каждой из этих схем безопасности в модуле `fastapi.security`, которые упрощают использование этих механизмов безопасности.

import static java.lang.Math.max;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtIncompatible;
import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
import java.math.BigInteger;

/**
 * Utilities for {@code double} primitives.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@GwtIncompatible
final class DoubleUtils {
  private DoubleUtils() {}

  static double nextDown(double d) {
    return -Math.nextUp(-d);

import static junit.framework.Assert.fail;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import com.google.common.escape.UnicodeEscaper;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;

/**
 * Testing utilities for {@link UrlEscapers} and {@link LegacyUrlEscapersTest}.
 *
 * @author David Beaumont
 */
@GwtCompatible
@NullUnmarked
final class UrlEscaperTesting {
  /**

import com.google.common.testing.TearDown;
import com.google.common.testing.TearDownAccepter;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;

/**
 * Utilities for performing thread interruption in tests
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 * @author Chris Povirk
 */
@NullUnmarked
final class InterruptionUtil {

///

## Utilidades de **FastAPI** { #fastapi-utilities }

FastAPI proporciona varias herramientas para cada uno de estos esquemas de seguridad en el módulo `fastapi.security` que simplifican el uso de estos mecanismos de seguridad.

import com.google.common.testing.TearDown;
import com.google.common.testing.TearDownAccepter;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;

/**
 * Utilities for performing thread interruption in tests
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 * @author Chris Povirk
 */
@NullUnmarked
final class InterruptionUtil {

 *   <li>{@link org.apache.maven.cling.invoker.mvnup.goals.PomDiscovery} - Discovers POM files in multi-module projects</li>
 *   <li>{@link org.apache.maven.cling.invoker.mvnup.goals.DomUtils} - XML manipulation utilities</li>
 * </ul>
 *
 * <h2>Usage Examples</h2>
 *
 * <h3>Check for Available Upgrades</h3>
 * <pre>{@code
 * mvnup check
 * }</pre>
 *
 * <h3>Apply All Upgrades</h3>
 * <pre>{@code

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullMarked;

/**
 * Testing utilities relating to garbage collection finalization.
 *
 * <p>Use this class to test code triggered by finalization, that is, one of the following
 * actions taken by the java garbage collection system:
 *
 * <ul>

Now let's build from the previous chapter and add the missing parts to have a complete security flow.

## Get the `username` and `password` { #get-the-username-and-password }

We are going to use **FastAPI** security utilities to get the `username` and `password`.

OAuth2 specifies that when using the "password flow" (that we are using) the client/user must send a `username` and `password` fields as form data.