assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
        assertTrue(exception instanceof FessSystemException);
        assertTrue(exception instanceof RuntimeException);
    }

    @Test
    public void test_constructor_withCause() {
        // Test with cause only
        Exception cause = new IllegalStateException("Underlying error");

    void testExceptionHierarchy() {
        // When
        RuntimeCIFSException exception = new RuntimeCIFSException("Test");

        // Then
        assertTrue(exception instanceof RuntimeException);
        assertTrue(exception instanceof Exception);
        assertTrue(exception instanceof Throwable);
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should support exception chaining")

     * Multiple threads call stop() simultaneously - should be safe.
     */
    @Test
    public void test_stop_concurrentAccess() throws Exception {
        final int threadCount = 10;
        final Thread[] threads = new Thread[threadCount];
        final Exception[] exceptions = new Exception[threadCount];

        for (int i = 0; i < threadCount; i++) {
            final int index = i;
            threads[i] = new Thread(() -> {

        Exception exception = assertThrows(Exception.class, () -> {
            new KerberosRelevantAuthData(emptyToken, keys);
        }, "An exception should be thrown for an empty token.");

        // The exception could be PACDecodingException or NullPointerException
        assertTrue(exception instanceof PACDecodingException || exception instanceof NullPointerException,

        assertTrue(exception instanceof RuntimeException);
        assertTrue(exception instanceof Exception);
        assertTrue(exception instanceof Throwable);
    }

    @Test
    public void test_serializable() {
        // Test that the exception has serialVersionUID
        WebApiException exception = new WebApiException(404, "Not Found");

        String message = "Session expired";
        InvalidAccessTokenException exception = new InvalidAccessTokenException(type, message);

        assertTrue(exception instanceof FessSystemException);
        assertTrue(exception instanceof RuntimeException);
        assertTrue(exception instanceof Exception);
        assertTrue(exception instanceof Throwable);
    }

    @Test
    public void test_throwAndCatch() {

        Throwable cause = new RuntimeException("Root cause exception");
        GsaConfigException exception = new GsaConfigException(message, cause);

        assertNotNull(exception);
        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
        assertNotNull(exception.getCause());
        assertEquals(cause, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals("Root cause exception", exception.getCause().getMessage());
    }

    @Test

  override fun afterEach(context: ExtensionContext) {
    val failure = context.executionException.orElseGet { null }

    if (uncaughtException != null) {
      throw failure + AssertionError("uncaught exception thrown during test", uncaughtException)
    }

    if (context.isFlaky()) {
      logEvents()
    }

    LogManager.getLogManager().reset()

    var result: Throwable? = failure

        assertTrue(exception.getMessage().contains(cause.getClass().getName()));
        assertTrue(exception.getMessage().contains("Cause exception"));
    }

    @Test
    public void test_constructor_withNullMessage() {
        // Test constructor with null message
        FessSystemException exception = new FessSystemException((String) null);

        assertNull(exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

        try {
            int result = errorCrawler.doCrawl(options);
            // Should catch the exception and return EXIT_FAIL
            assertEquals(Constants.EXIT_FAIL, result);
        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
            // Expected behavior - test exception propagates
            assertEquals("Test exception", e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    // Test writeTimeToSessionInfo method
    @Test