<component name="DependencyValidationManager">
    <!-- The source of truth for this pattern is `build-logic/basics/src/main/kotlin/gradlebuild/basics/PublicApi.kt` file, please keep them in sync -->
    <scope name="Gradle public API"

from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI, Path, Query

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
async def read_items(
    item_id: int = Path(title="The ID of the item to get"),
    q: Union[str, None] = Query(default=None, alias="item-query"),
):
    results = {"item_id": item_id}
    if q:
        results.update({"q": q})

//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
// along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

package cachevalue

import (
	"context"
	"sync"
	"sync/atomic"
	"time"
)

// Opts contains options for the cache.
type Opts struct {
	// When set to true, return the last cached value
	// even if updating the value errors out.

from pydantic import BaseModel


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: str | None = None
    price: float
    tax: float | None = None


app = FastAPI()


@app.post("/items/")
async def create_item(item: Item):
    item_dict = item.model_dump()
    if item.tax is not None:
        price_with_tax = item.price + item.tax
        item_dict.update({"price_with_tax": price_with_tax})

from pydantic import BaseModel


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: str | None = None
    price: float
    tax: float | None = None


app = FastAPI()


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item, q: str | None = None):
    result = {"item_id": item_id, **item.model_dump()}
    if q:
        result.update({"q": q})

from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: str | None = None
    price: float
    tax: float | None = None


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(item_id: int, item: Annotated[Item, Body(embed=True)]):
    results = {"item_id": item_id, "item": item}

class FilterParams(BaseModel):
    limit: int = Field(100, gt=0, le=100)
    offset: int = Field(0, ge=0)
    order_by: Literal["created_at", "updated_at"] = "created_at"
    tags: list[str] = []


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(filter_query: FilterParams = Query()):

```

在 Python 中，  **上下文管理器**是一个你可以在 `with` 语句中使用的东西，例如，`open()` 可以作为上下文管理器使用。

```Python
with open("file.txt") as file:
    file.read()
```

Python 的最近几个版本也有了一个**异步上下文管理器**，你可以通过 `async with` 来使用：

```Python
async with lifespan(app):
    await do_stuff()
```

你可以像上面一样创建了一个上下文管理器或者异步上下文管理器，它的作用是在进入 `with` 块时，执行 `yield` 之前的代码，并且在离开 `with` 块时，执行 `yield` 后面的代码。

但在我们上面的例子里，我们并不是直接使用，而是传递给 FastAPI 来供其使用。

    full_name: Union[str, None] = None


class UserOut(BaseModel):
    username: str
    email: EmailStr
    full_name: Union[str, None] = None


@app.post("/user/", response_model=UserOut)
async def create_user(user: UserIn) -> Any:

    limit: int = Field(100, gt=0, le=100)
    offset: int = Field(0, ge=0)
    order_by: Literal["created_at", "updated_at"] = "created_at"
    tags: list[str] = []


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(filter_query: FilterParams = Query()):