request.setFileId(shortFileId);

            byte[] buffer = new byte[256];

            // Should handle gracefully or throw appropriate exception
            assertThrows(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> request.writeBytesWireFormat(buffer, 0));
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should handle all parameters at maximum")
        void testAllParametersMaximum() {

        writeLittleEndianInt(baos, 100); // size
        writeLittleEndianLong(baos, 1000); // offset way out of bounds
        byte[] pacData = baos.toByteArray();

        // This currently throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
        // but should be wrapped in PACDecodingException
        assertThrows(Exception.class, () -> new Pac(pacData, keys));
    }

    @Test
    void testZeroBufferCount() throws IOException {

            if (dstIndex < 0) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Destination index cannot be negative");
            }
            if (dstIndex + encodedSize > dst.length) {
                throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException("Buffer overflow");
            }

            // Simulate encoding: write header (8 bytes)
            Arrays.fill(dst, dstIndex, dstIndex + 8, (byte) 0xFF);
            int offset = dstIndex + 8;

    @DisplayName("Test writeParametersWireFormat with small buffer throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException")
    void testWriteParametersWireFormatSmallBuffer() {
        netShareEnum = new NetShareEnum(realConfig);

        // Buffer too small for the full parameters (need at least 19 bytes)
        byte[] dst = new byte[10];

        assertThrows(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> {

        assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> cache.resolveSids(ctx, "server", null, 0, 1));

        // Bad offset/length leads to ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
        jcifs.SID[] sids = new jcifs.SID[] { sid("S-1-1-0") };
        assertThrows(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> cache.resolveSids(ctx, "server", sids, 1, 2));
    }

    @Nested
    class EdgeCasesForResolveSids {
        @Test

        void testReadBytesWireFormatInsufficientBuffer() {
            // Given
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1]; // Too small

            // When & Then
            assertThrows(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> response.readBytesWireFormat(buffer, 0));
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should handle negative structure size as unsigned")

            // Challenge bytes would be at 24-31 but we're truncated

            // When & Then
            assertThrows(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> new Type2Message(truncatedMessage));
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("parse should handle truncated message missing target info")

        Smb2TreeConnectRequest req = new Smb2TreeConnectRequest(mockConfig, longPath);
        byte[] smallBuffer = new byte[20]; // Too small for header + path

        // When & Then
        assertThrows(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> {
            req.encode(smallBuffer, 0);
        });
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should correctly inherit from ServerMessageBlock2Request")
    void testInheritance() {

        // make sure we don't exceed input's allocated size/length
        if (offset < 0 || len < 0 || (long) offset + len > input.length) {
            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException();
        }

        // compute number of bytes still unhashed; ie. present in buffer
        int bufferNdx = (int) (count % BLOCK_LENGTH);
        count += len; // update number of bytes

     * a number. Does not verify whether supplied radix is valid, passing an invalid radix will give
     * undefined results or an ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.
     */
    static boolean overflowInParse(long current, int digit, int radix) {
      if (current >= 0) {
        if (current < maxValueDivs[radix]) {
          return false;
        }