{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial001.py hl[2,12,15:18] *}

/// tip | Dica

Observe que as funções de teste são `def` normais, não `async def`.

E as chamadas para o cliente também são chamadas normais, não usando `await`.

Isso permite que você use `pytest` diretamente sem complicações.

///

/// note | Detalhes técnicos

Você também pode usar `from starlette.testclient import TestClient`.

import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.Random;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;

/**
 * Utilities for benchmarks.
 *
 * <p>In many cases, we wish to vary the order of magnitude of the input as much as we want to vary
 * the input itself, so most methods which generate values use an exponential distribution varying
 * the order of magnitude of the generated values uniformly at random.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */

      lock.lock();
      try {
        locked.countDown();
        finishLatch.await(1, MINUTES);
      } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        fail(e.toString());
      } finally {
        lock.unlock();
      }
    }

    void waitUntilHoldingLock() throws InterruptedException {
      locked.await(1, MINUTES);
    }

    void releaseLockAndFinish() throws InterruptedException {

      lock.lock();
      try {
        locked.countDown();
        finishLatch.await(1, MINUTES);
      } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        fail(e.toString());
      } finally {
        lock.unlock();
      }
    }

    void waitUntilHoldingLock() throws InterruptedException {
      locked.await(1, MINUTES);
    }

    void releaseLockAndFinish() throws InterruptedException {

...But here I want to show you the community.

---

**FastAPI** receives a lot of support from the community. And I want to highlight their contributions.

These are the people that:

    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">
<summary>Или используйте <code>async def</code>...</summary>

Если ваш код использует `async` / `await`, используйте `async def`:

```Python hl_lines="9  14"
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
async def read_root():

Mais vous pouvez retourner une `JSONResponse` directement à partir de vos *opérations de chemin*.

Cela peut être utile, par exemple, pour retourner des en-têtes personnalisés ou des cookies.

## Renvoyer une `Response`

En fait, vous pouvez retourner n'importe quelle `Response` ou n'importe quelle sous-classe de celle-ci.

/// note | Remarque

`JSONResponse` est elle-même une sous-classe de `Response`.

///

    @Inject
    private RepositorySystem repoSystem;

    @Inject
    private LegacySupport legacySupport;

    /** @deprecated we want to use the artifact method only, and ensure artifact.file is set correctly. */
    @Deprecated
    @Override
    public void install(String basedir, String finalName, Artifact artifact, ArtifactRepository localRepository)

## タスク関数の作成

バックグラウンドタスクとして実行される関数を作成します。

これは、パラメーターを受け取ることができる単なる標準的な関数です。

これは `async def` または通常の `def` 関数であり、**FastAPI** はこれを正しく処理します。

ここで、タスク関数はファイル書き込みを実行します (メール送信のシミュレーション)。

また、書き込み操作では `async` と `await` を使用しないため、通常の `def` で関数を定義します。

{* ../../docs_src/background_tasks/tutorial001.py hl[6:9] *}

## バックグラウンドタスクの追加

*path operations 関数* 内で、`.add_task()` メソッドを使用してタスク関数を *background tasks* オブジェクトに渡します。

# renaming the wheels as uploading to PyPI would fail with "File already exists"
# error. In order to upload to PyPI, we unpack the wheel and change the tag
# inside a metadata file to the one we want (e.g cp38-cp38-win_amd) and then
# re-pack it to generate it as a platform specific wheel with this new wheel
#tag.
python3 -m wheel unpack "${pure_python_whl}"

# Remove the pure python wheel.
rm -rf "${pure_python_whl}"