/// info | Info

Um hochgeladene Dateien zu empfangen, installieren Sie zuerst [`python-multipart`](https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart).

Stellen Sie sicher, dass Sie eine [virtuelle Umgebung](../virtual-environments.md) erstellen, sie aktivieren und dann das Paket installieren, zum Beispiel:

```console
$ pip install python-multipart
```

Das liegt daran, dass hochgeladene Dateien als „Formulardaten“ gesendet werden.

Мы также могли бы импортировать их так:

```Python
from app.routers import items, users
```

/// info | Примечание

Первая версия — это «относительный импорт»:

```Python
from .routers import items, users
```

Вторая версия — это «абсолютный импорт»:

```Python
from app.routers import items, users
```

Ele é baseado no [HTTPX](https://www.python-httpx.org), que por sua vez é projetado com base em Requests, por isso é muito familiar e intuitivo.

Com ele, você pode usar o [pytest](https://docs.pytest.org/) diretamente com **FastAPI**.

## Usando `TestClient` { #using-testclient }

/// info | Informação

Para usar o `TestClient`, primeiro instale [`httpx`](https://www.python-httpx.org).

> Requests est l'un des packages Python les plus téléchargés de tous les temps

La façon dont vous l'utilisez est très simple. Par exemple, pour faire une requête `GET`, vous devez écrire :

```Python
response = requests.get("http://example.com/some/url")
```

L’opération de chemin d'accès correspondante dans **FastAPI** pourrait ressembler à ceci :

```Python hl_lines="1"
@app.get("/some/url")
def read_url():

다음처럼 import할 수도 있습니다:

```Python
from app.routers import items, users
```

/// info | 정보

첫 번째 버전은 "상대 import"입니다:

```Python
from .routers import items, users
```

두 번째 버전은 "절대 import"입니다:

```Python
from app.routers import items, users
```

Python Packages와 Modules에 대해 더 알아보려면 [Modules에 대한 Python 공식 문서](https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/modules.html)를 읽어보세요.

///

Пришло время использовать его с FastAPI. 🚀

У нас была такая аннотация типа:

```Python
q: str | None = None
```

Мы «обернём» это в `Annotated`, и получится:

```Python
q: Annotated[str | None] = None
```

```JSON
{"item_id":3}
```

/// check | Ek bilgi

Dikkat edin: fonksiyonunuzun aldığı (ve döndürdüğü) değer olan `3`, string `"3"` değil, bir Python `int`'idir.

Yani, bu tip tanımıyla birlikte **FastAPI** size otomatik request "<dfn title="HTTP request'ten gelen string'i Python verisine dönüştürme">ayrıştırma</dfn>" sağlar.

///

## Veri Doğrulama { #data-validation }

[Python Tiplerine Giriş](../python-types.md#type-hints-with-metadata-annotations) içinde `Annotated` ile parametrelerinize metadata ekleyebileceğinizi söylemiştim, hatırlıyor musunuz?

Şimdi bunu FastAPI ile kullanmanın zamanı. 🚀

Şu tip anotasyonuna sahiptik:

```Python
q: str | None = None
```

Şimdi bunu `Annotated` ile saracağız; şöyle olacak:

# Pattern to filter system properties for jobs.
job.system.property.filter.pattern=

# Number of processors to use.
processors=0
# Path to Java command.
java.command.path=java
# Path to Python command.
python.command.path=python
# Encoding for file paths.
path.encoding=UTF-8
# Whether to use a dedicated temporary directory.
use.own.tmp.dir=true
# Maximum length of log output.
max.log.output.length=4000

/// info | Informação

Para receber arquivos enviados, primeiro instale [`python-multipart`](https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart).

Garanta que você criou um [ambiente virtual](../virtual-environments.md), o ativou e então o instalou, por exemplo:

```console
$ pip install python-multipart
```

Isso é necessário, visto que os arquivos enviados são enviados como "dados de formulário".

///