Every time you "log in with" Facebook, Google, GitHub, Microsoft, Twitter, that application is using OAuth2 with scopes.

In this section you will see how to manage authentication and authorization with the same OAuth2 with scopes in your **FastAPI** application.

/// warning

This is a more or less advanced section. If you are just starting, you can skip it.

	                    </Rule>`,
			expectedErr: errEmptyRuleStatus,
		},
		{ // Rule with invalid status
			inputXML: ` <Rule>
			                  <ID>rule with invalid status</ID>
                              <Status>OK</Status>
	                    </Rule>`,
			expectedErr: errInvalidRuleStatus,
		},
		{ // Rule with negative values for ObjectSizeLessThan
			inputXML: `<Rule>
				<ID>negative-obj-size-less-than</ID>

}

// BenchmarkSelectAll_100K - benchmark * function with 100k records.
func BenchmarkSelectAll_100K(b *testing.B) {
	benchmarkSelectAll(b, 100*humanize.KiByte)
}

// BenchmarkSelectAll_1M - benchmark * function with 1m records.
func BenchmarkSelectAll_1M(b *testing.B) {
	benchmarkSelectAll(b, 1*humanize.MiByte)
}

// BenchmarkSelectAll_2M - benchmark * function with 2m records.
func BenchmarkSelectAll_2M(b *testing.B) {

So, about the egg and the chicken, how do you call the first `async` function?

If you are working with **FastAPI** you don't have to worry about that, because that "first" function will be your *path operation function*, and FastAPI will know how to do the right thing.

		return 1, data[0:1], nil
	}

	// Fast path 2: Correct UTF-8 decode without error.
	_, width := utf8.DecodeRune(data)
	if width > 1 {
		// It's a valid encoding. Width cannot be one for a correctly encoded
		// non-ASCII rune.
		return width, data[0:width], nil
	}

	// We know it's an error: we have width==1 and implicitly r==utf8.RuneError.
	// Is the error because there wasn't a full rune to be decoded?

    client = TestClient(app)
    with pytest.raises(WebSocketDisconnect):
        with client.websocket_connect("/items/foo/ws"):
            pytest.fail(
                "did not raise WebSocketDisconnect on __enter__"
            )  # pragma: no cover


def test_websocket_invalid_data():
    client = TestClient(app)
    with pytest.raises(WebSocketDisconnect):

from pydantic import BaseModel


def test_invalid_sequence():
    with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
        app = FastAPI()

        class Item(BaseModel):
            title: str

        @app.get("/items/{id}")
        def read_items(id: List[Item]):
            pass  # pragma: no cover


def test_invalid_tuple():
    with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
        app = FastAPI()

    client = TestClient(app)
    with pytest.raises(WebSocketDisconnect):
        with client.websocket_connect("/items/foo/ws"):
            pytest.fail(
                "did not raise WebSocketDisconnect on __enter__"
            )  # pragma: no cover


@needs_py310
def test_websocket_invalid_data(app: FastAPI):
    client = TestClient(app)
    with pytest.raises(WebSocketDisconnect):

## Additional servers

/// warning

This is a more advanced use case. Feel free to skip it.

///

By default, **FastAPI** will create a `server` in the OpenAPI schema with the URL for the `root_path`.

But you can also provide other alternative `servers`, for example if you want *the same* docs UI to interact with both a staging and a production environment.

        run: echo "$GITHUB_CONTEXT"
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Set up Python
        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
        with:
          python-version: "3.11"
      - name: Setup uv
        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v3
        with:
          version: "0.4.15"
          enable-cache: true
          cache-dependency-glob: |
            requirements**.txt
            pyproject.toml