return null;
    } else {
      Range<K> range = ranges.get(index);
      return range.contains(key) ? immutableEntry(range, values.get(index)) : null;
    }
  }

  @Override
  public Range<K> span() {
    if (ranges.isEmpty()) {
      throw new NoSuchElementException();
    }
    Range<K> firstRange = ranges.get(0);
    Range<K> lastRange = ranges.get(ranges.size() - 1);

```

## `APIRouter`

Vamos supor que o arquivo dedicado a lidar apenas com usuários seja o submódulo em `/app/routers/users.py`.

Você quer manter as *operações de rota* relacionadas aos seus usuários separadas do restante do código, para mantê-lo organizado.

Mas ele ainda faz parte da mesma aplicação/web API **FastAPI** (faz parte do mesmo "pacote Python").

  public boolean enclosesAll(Iterable<Range<C>> ranges) {
    for (Range<C> range : ranges) {
      if (!encloses(range)) {
        return false;
      }
    }
    return true;
  }

  @Override
  public void addAll(RangeSet<C> other) {
    addAll(other.asRanges());
  }

  @Override
  public void addAll(Iterable<Range<C>> ranges) {
    for (Range<C> range : ranges) {
      add(range);
    }
  }

  // +optional
  optional string rule = 1;

  // ranges are the allowed ranges of fs groups.  If you would like to force a single
  // fs group then supply a single range with the same start and end. Required for MustRunAs.
  // +optional
  repeated IDRange ranges = 2;
}

// HostPortRange defines a range of host ports that will be enabled by a policy

    for (Range<Integer> range : RANGES) {
      RangeMap<Integer, Integer> rangemap =
          ImmutableRangeMap.<Integer, Integer>builder().put(range, 1).build();
      assertEquals(range, rangemap.span());
    }
  }

  public void testSpanTwoRanges() {
    for (Range<Integer> range1 : RANGES) {
      for (Range<Integer> range2 : RANGES) {

import javax.annotation.CheckForNull;

/**
 * A mapping from disjoint nonempty ranges to non-null values. Queries look up the value associated
 * with the range (if any) that contains a specified key.
 *
 * <p>In contrast to {@link RangeSet}, no "coalescing" is done of {@linkplain
 * Range#isConnected(Range) connected} ranges, even if they are mapped to the same value.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 * @since 14.0
 */

import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;

/**
 * A mapping from disjoint nonempty ranges to non-null values. Queries look up the value associated
 * with the range (if any) that contains a specified key.
 *
 * <p>In contrast to {@link RangeSet}, no "coalescing" is done of {@linkplain
 * Range#isConnected(Range) connected} ranges, even if they are mapped to the same value.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 * @since 14.0
 */

   * not encompass ranges of the form {@code (v..v)}, because such ranges are <i>invalid</i> and
   * can't be constructed at all.)
   *
   * <p>Note that certain discrete ranges such as the integer range {@code (3..4)} are <b>not</b>
   * considered empty, even though they contain no actual values. In these cases, it may be helpful
   * to preprocess ranges with {@link #canonical(DiscreteDomain)}.
   */

                    "typed_config": {
                      "@type": "type.googleapis.com/xds.type.matcher.v3.IPMatcher",
                      "range_matchers": [
                        {
                          "ranges": [
                            {
                              "address_prefix": "10.111.182.109",
                              "prefix_len": 32
                            }
                          ],

<blockquote markdown="1">

**FastAPI** não existiria se não pelo trabalho anterior de outros.

Há muitas ferramentas criadas antes que ajudaram a inspirar sua criação.

Eu estive evitando a criação de um novo _framework_ por vários anos. Primeiro tentei resolver todas as funcionalidades cobertas por **FastAPI** usando muitos _frameworks_, _plug-ins_ e ferramentas diferentes.