assertEquals("Top level error", exception.getMessage());
        assertEquals(middleCause, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals("Middle cause", exception.getCause().getMessage());
        assertEquals(rootCause, exception.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Root cause", exception.getCause().getCause().getMessage());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_throwAndCatch() {

        assertEquals("Level 3", level3.getMessage());
        assertEquals(level2, level3.getCause());
        assertEquals("Level 2", level3.getCause().getMessage());
        assertEquals(level1, level3.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Level 1", level3.getCause().getCause().getMessage());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_throwAndCatchException() {

    @Test
    public void test_getMessage_consistency() {
        // Test that getMessage returns consistent results
        String message = "Consistent message";
        JobNotFoundException exception = new JobNotFoundException(message);

        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage()); // Call twice to verify consistency

        // Verify the complete chain
        assertEquals("Plugin failure", exception.getMessage());
        assertEquals(level1, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals("Runtime error", exception.getCause().getMessage());
        assertEquals(level2, exception.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Invalid state", exception.getCause().getCause().getMessage());
        assertEquals(level3, exception.getCause().getCause().getCause());

        assertNull(exception.getCause());
        assertNull(exception.getMessage());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_constructor_withNullMessageAndCause() {
        // Test constructor with null message and cause
        final JobProcessingException exception = new JobProcessingException(null, null);

        assertNotNull(exception);
        assertNull(exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

        assertEquals("Thumbnail generation error", exception.getMessage());
        assertEquals(middleCause, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals("Processing failed", exception.getCause().getMessage());
        assertEquals(innerCause, exception.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Invalid image format", exception.getCause().getCause().getMessage());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_serialization() {

        assertEquals("service1 is not available.", exception1.getMessage());

        ContainerNotAvailableException exception2 = new ContainerNotAvailableException("service2", new RuntimeException());
        assertEquals("service2 is not available.", exception2.getMessage());

        ContainerNotAvailableException exception3 = new ContainerNotAvailableException(new RuntimeException());

        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
        assertEquals(cause, exception.getCause());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_constructor_withNullMessage() {
        // Test constructor with null message
        SearchEngineClientException exception = new SearchEngineClientException(null);

        assertNotNull(exception);
        assertNull(exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());

        assertNull(exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_constructor_withNullCause() {
        // Test with null cause
        DataStoreException exception = new DataStoreException((Throwable) null);

        assertNotNull(exception);
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
        assertNull(exception.getMessage());
    }

    @Test

        assertEquals(messageCode, exception3Params.getMessageCode());
        assertEquals(message, exception3Params.getMessage());
        assertEquals(cause, exception3Params.getCause());

        assertEquals(messageCode, exception2Params.getMessageCode());
        assertEquals(message, exception2Params.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception2Params.getCause());
    }