| mechanisms described above. For inheritance purposes, and to activate profiles via <activatedProfiles/>
     | or the command line, profiles have to have an ID that is unique.
     |
     | An encouraged best practice for profile identification is to use a consistent naming convention
     | for profiles, such as 'env-dev', 'env-test', 'env-production', 'user-jdcasey', 'user-brett', etc.

If you have many settings that possibly change a lot, maybe in different environments, it might be useful to put them on a file and then read them from it as if they were environment variables.

This practice is common enough that it has a name, these environment variables are commonly placed in a file `.env`, and the file is called a "dotenv".

/// tip

     * 10^floor(log10(x)).
     */

    if (approxCmp > 0) {
      /*
       * The code is written so that even completely incorrect approximations will still yield the
       * correct answer eventually, but in practice this branch should almost never be entered, and
       * even then the loop should not run more than once.
       */
      do {
        approxLog10--;
        approxPow = approxPow.divide(BigInteger.TEN);

     * https://groups.google.com/d/topic/google-web-toolkit-contributors/1UEzsryq1XI
     *
     * <p>ASCII characters in the part are expected to be valid per RFC 1035, with underscore also
     * being allowed due to widespread practice.
     */

    String asciiChars = CharMatcher.ascii().retainFrom(part);

    if (!PART_CHAR_MATCHER.matchesAllOf(asciiChars)) {
      return false;
    }

To learn more about <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic, check its docs</a>.

///

**FastAPI** is all based on Pydantic.

You will see a lot more of all this in practice in the [Tutorial - User Guide](tutorial/index.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

/// tip

 * Converter.apply (like Converter.convert) is capable of accepting null inputs. However, a
 * supertype of `Function<A, B>` turns out to be massively more useful to callers in practice: They
 * want their output to be non-null in operations like `stream.map(myConverter)`, and we can
 * guarantee that as long as we also require the input type to be non-null[*] (which is a

   * (key) bits 'affects' a strictly smaller set of output bits. Funneling is bad because it can
   * result in more-than-ideal collisions for a non-uniformly distributed key space. In practice,
   * most key spaces are ANYTHING BUT uniformly distributed. A bit(i) in the input is said to
   * 'affect' a bit(j) in the output if two inputs, identical but for bit(i), will differ at output
   * bit(j) about half the time

propagate the contents of its contributor version.

  In the following three paragraphs, a "patent license" is any express
agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a patent
(such as an express permission to practice a patent or covenant not to
sue for patent infringement).  To "grant" such a patent license to a
party means to make such an agreement or commitment not to enforce a
patent against the party.

    to the call and can adjust all call timeouts. Note that this change is
    source-incompatible for code that implements the `Chain` interface.
    We don't expect this to be a problem in practice!

 *  **OkHttp has an experimental new API for tracking metrics.** The new
    `EventListener` API is designed to help developers monitor HTTP requests'

  private var closed: Boolean = false

  /**
   * The number of HTTP requests received thus far by this server. This may exceed the number of
   * HTTP connections when connection reuse is in practice.
   */
  public val requestCount: Int
    get() = atomicRequestCount.get()

  /** The number of bytes of the POST body to keep in memory to the given limit. */
  public var bodyLimit: Long = Long.MAX_VALUE