void testReadParameterWordsWithShortBuffer() {
        byte[] buffer = new byte[] { 0x00, 0x01, 0x02 }; // only three bytes
        assertThrows(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> response.readParameterWordsWireFormat(buffer, 0));
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("readParameterWordsWireFormat with null buffer - throws NullPointerException")

        byte[] buffer = new byte[0];
        response.setDataCount(0);

        // The implementation will try to decode even with an empty buffer, causing ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
        assertThrows(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> {
            response.readDataWireFormat(buffer, 0, 0);
        });
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test toString method")
    void testToString() {

            FileFsSizeInformation info = new FileFsSizeInformation();
            byte[] buffer = new byte[10]; // Too small

            // Should throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException for insufficient buffer
            assertThrows(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> {
                info.decode(buffer, 0, buffer.length);
            });
        }

        @ParameterizedTest

    @DisplayName("Test buffer overflow protection")
    void testBufferOverflowProtection() {
        byte[] smallBuffer = new byte[23]; // One byte too small

        // Should throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
        assertThrows(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> {
            request.writeBytesWireFormat(smallBuffer, 0);
        });
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test file ID boundary values")

            request.setFileId(shortFileId);

            byte[] buffer = new byte[256];

            // Should handle gracefully or throw appropriate exception
            assertThrows(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> request.writeBytesWireFormat(buffer, 0));
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should handle all parameters at maximum")
        void testAllParametersMaximum() {

        // Given
        byte[] buffer = new byte[15]; // Too small for 16-byte structure
        SMBUtil.writeInt2(16, buffer, 0);

        // When & Then
        assertThrows(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> {
            response.readBytesWireFormat(buffer, 0);
        });
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should handle offset exceeding buffer")
    void testOffsetExceedsBuffer() {

        Smb2TreeDisconnectRequest request = new Smb2TreeDisconnectRequest(mockConfig);
        byte[] buffer = new byte[3]; // Too small for 4 bytes

        // When & Then
        assertThrows(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> {
            request.writeBytesWireFormat(buffer, 0);
        });
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should throw exception when offset exceeds buffer")

    void testReadBytesWireFormatBufferTooSmall() {
        // Given
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1]; // Too small to read structure size

        // When & Then
        assertThrows(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> {
            response.readBytesWireFormat(buffer, 0);
        });
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should throw exception when offset exceeds buffer for reading")

        assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> cache.resolveSids(ctx, "server", null, 0, 1));

        // Bad offset/length leads to ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
        jcifs.SID[] sids = new jcifs.SID[] { sid("S-1-1-0") };
        assertThrows(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> cache.resolveSids(ctx, "server", sids, 1, 2));
    }

    @Nested
    class EdgeCasesForResolveSids {
        @Test

    @DisplayName("Test buffer overflow protection")
    void testBufferOverflowProtection() {
        byte[] smallBuffer = new byte[23]; // One byte too small

        // Should throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
        assertThrows(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> {
            request.writeBytesWireFormat(smallBuffer, 0);
        });
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test file ID boundary values")