}
  }

  public void testToString() {
    for (String inputName : SOMEWHERE_UNDER_PS) {
      InternetDomainName domain = InternetDomainName.from(inputName);

      /*
       * We would ordinarily use constants for the expected results, but
       * doing it by derivation allows us to reuse the test case definitions
       * used in other tests.
       */

      String expectedName = Ascii.toLowerCase(inputName);

    assertThat(read).isEqualTo(bf);
    assertThat(read.expectedFpp()).isGreaterThan(0);
  }

  /**
   * This test will fail whenever someone updates/reorders the BloomFilterStrategies constants. Only
   * appending a new constant is allowed.
   */
  public void testBloomFilterStrategies() {
    assertThat(BloomFilterStrategies.values()).hasLength(2);

{!> ../../docs_src/query_params_str_validations/tutorial006b.py!}
```

////

/// info

If you hadn't seen that `...` before: it is a special single value, it is <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/constants.html#Ellipsis" class="external-link" target="_blank">part of Python and is called "Ellipsis"</a>.

It is used by Pydantic and FastAPI to explicitly declare that a value is required.

///

import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;

/**
 * A binary encoding scheme for reversibly translating between byte sequences and printable ASCII
 * strings. This class includes several constants for encoding schemes specified by <a
 * href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4648">RFC 4648</a>. For example, the expression:
 *
 * <pre>{@code
 * BaseEncoding.base32().encode("foo".getBytes(US_ASCII))
 * }</pre>
 *

lob/master/LICENSE)\n * --------------------------------------------------------------------------\n */\n\nimport $ from 'jquery'\nimport Util from './util'\n\n/**\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Constants\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------\n */\n\nconst NAME                = 'alert'\nconst VERSION             = '4.4.1'\nconst DATA_KEY            = 'bs.alert'\nconst EVENT_KEY           = `.${DATA_KEY}`\nconst...

package sql

import (
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"
)

// FuncName - SQL function name.
type FuncName string

// SQL Function name constants
const (
	// Conditionals
	sqlFnCoalesce FuncName = "COALESCE"
	sqlFnNullIf   FuncName = "NULLIF"

	// Conversion
	sqlFnCast FuncName = "CAST"

	// Date and time
	sqlFnDateAdd     FuncName = "DATE_ADD"

```Python hl_lines="7"
{!../../docs_src/query_params_str_validations/tutorial006b.py!}
```

/// info

如果你之前没见过 `...` 这种用法：它是一个特殊的单独值，它是 <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/constants.html#Ellipsis" class="external-link" target="_blank">Python 的一部分并且被称为「省略号」</a>。
Pydantic 和 FastAPI 使用它来显式的声明需要一个值。

///

这将使 **FastAPI** 知道此查询参数是必需的。

### 使用`None`声明必需参数

"use strict";

(() => {
	const enosys = () => {
		const err = new Error("not implemented");
		err.code = "ENOSYS";
		return err;
	};

	if (!globalThis.fs) {
		let outputBuf = "";
		globalThis.fs = {
			constants: { O_WRONLY: -1, O_RDWR: -1, O_CREAT: -1, O_TRUNC: -1, O_APPEND: -1, O_EXCL: -1 }, // unused
			writeSync(fd, buf) {
				outputBuf += decoder.decode(buf);
				const nl = outputBuf.lastIndexOf("\n");
				if (nl != -1) {

```Python hl_lines="7"
{!../../docs_src/query_params_str_validations/tutorial006.py!}
```

/// info | "情報"

これまで`...`を見たことがない方へ: これは特殊な単一値です。<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/constants.html#Ellipsis" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pythonの一部であり、"Ellipsis"と呼ばれています</a>。

///

これは **FastAPI** にこのパラメータが必須であることを知らせます。

## クエリパラメータのリスト / 複数の値

        return [
            ModelField(field_info=field_info, name=name)
            for name, field_info in model.model_fields.items()
        ]

else:
    from fastapi.openapi.constants import REF_PREFIX as REF_PREFIX
    from pydantic import AnyUrl as Url  # noqa: F401
    from pydantic import (  # type: ignore[assignment]
        BaseConfig as BaseConfig,  # noqa: F401
    )