from inline_snapshot import snapshot

app = FastAPI()

security = HTTPDigest(auto_error=False)


@app.get("/users/me")
def read_current_user(
    credentials: HTTPAuthorizationCredentials | None = Security(security),
):
    if credentials is None:
        return {"msg": "Create an account first"}
    return {"scheme": credentials.scheme, "credentials": credentials.credentials}


client = TestClient(app)

#### Vielleicht `None` { #possibly-none }

Sie können deklarieren, dass ein Wert einen Typ haben könnte, wie `str`, dass er aber auch `None` sein könnte.

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="1"
{!> ../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009_py310.py!}
```

////

from typing import Annotated

from fastapi import FastAPI, Query

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(
    q: Annotated[str | None, Query(title="Query string", min_length=3)] = None,
):
    results = {"items": [{"item_id": "Foo"}, {"item_id": "Bar"}]}
    if q:
        results.update({"q": q})

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.encoders import jsonable_encoder
from pydantic import BaseModel

fake_db = {}


class Item(BaseModel):
    title: str
    timestamp: datetime
    description: str | None = None


app = FastAPI()


@app.put("/items/{id}")
def update_item(id: str, item: Item):
    json_compatible_item_data = jsonable_encoder(item)

from starlette.responses import JSONResponse, Response
from starlette.status import WS_1008_POLICY_VIOLATION


async def http_exception_handler(request: Request, exc: HTTPException) -> Response:
    headers = getattr(exc, "headers", None)
    if not is_body_allowed_for_status_code(exc.status_code):
        return Response(status_code=exc.status_code, headers=headers)
    return JSONResponse(

from sqlmodel import Field, Session, SQLModel, create_engine

engine = create_engine("postgresql+psycopg://postgres:postgres@localhost/db")


class User(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str


app = FastAPI()


def get_session():
    with Session(engine) as session:
        yield session

    maxIdleConnections: Int = 5,
    keepAliveDuration: Long = 5,
    timeUnit: TimeUnit = TimeUnit.MINUTES,
    taskRunner: TaskRunner = TaskRunner.INSTANCE,
    connectionListener: ConnectionListener = ConnectionListener.NONE,
  ) : this(
    RealConnectionPool(
      taskRunner = taskRunner,
      maxIdleConnections = maxIdleConnections,
      keepAliveDuration = keepAliveDuration,
      timeUnit = timeUnit,

* 如果该参数也在**路径**中声明了，它就是路径参数。
* 如果该参数是（`int`、`float`、`str`、`bool` 等）**单一类型**，它会被当作**查询**参数。
* 如果该参数的类型声明为 **Pydantic 模型**，它会被当作请求**体**。

/// note | 注意

FastAPI 会根据默认值 `= None` 知道 `q` 的值不是必填的。

`str | None` 并不是 FastAPI 用来判断是否必填的依据；是否必填由是否有默认值 `= None` 决定。

但添加这些类型注解可以让你的编辑器提供更好的支持并检测错误。

///

## 不使用 Pydantic { #without-pydantic }

        "detail": [
            {
                "type": "missing",
                "loc": ["header", "p_alias"],
                "msg": "Field required",
                "input": IsOneOf(None, IsPartialDict({"p": "hello"})),
            }
        ]
    }


@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    "path",
    [
        "/required-alias",
        "/model-required-alias",
    ],
)

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(
    q: Annotated[
        str | None,
        Query(
            title="Query string",
            description="Query string for the items to search in the database that have a good match",
            min_length=3,
        ),
    ] = None,
):
    results = {"items": [{"item_id": "Foo"}, {"item_id": "Bar"}]}
    if q:
        results.update({"q": q})