```Python hl_lines="3"
import os

name = os.getenv("MY_NAME", "World")
print(f"Hello {name} from Python")
```

/// tip

The second argument to <a href="https://docs.python.org/3.8/library/os.html#os.getenv" class="external-link" target="_blank">`os.getenv()`</a> is the default value to return.

If not provided, it's `None` by default, here we provide `"World"` as the default value to use.

///

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/app")
def read_main():
    return {"message": "Hello World from main app"}


subapi = FastAPI()


@subapi.get("/sub")
def read_sub():
    return {"message": "Hello World from sub API"}

        Did you *actually* encounter the need for this feature in a real-world scenario, or is it
        just a feature that seems like a sensible addition to Guava?


        Before new features get added to Guava, we really want to be sure that it's for a use case
        that actually comes up in the real world. We want to hear the real-world use case so the

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/headers/")
def get_headers():
    content = {"message": "Hello World"}
    headers = {"X-Cat-Dog": "alone in the world", "Content-Language": "en-US"}

@app.get("/orjson_non_str_keys")
def get_orjson_non_str_keys():
    key = quoted_name(value="msg", quote=False)
    return {key: "Hello World", 1: 1}


client = TestClient(app)


def test_orjson_non_str_keys():
    with client:
        response = client.get("/orjson_non_str_keys")

router_b_a = APIRouter()
router_b_a_c_override = APIRouter()  # Overrides default class again


@app.get("/")
def get_root():
    return {"msg": "Hello World"}


@app.get("/override", response_class=PlainTextResponse)
def get_path_override():
    return "Hello World"


@router_a.get("/")
def get_a():
    return {"msg": "Hello A"}


@router_a.get("/override", response_class=PlainTextResponse)

    }
  }

  @Test
  fun singlePart() {
    val expected =
      """
      |--123
      |
      |Hello, World!
      |--123--
      |
      """.trimMargin().replace("\n", "\r\n")
    val body =
      MultipartBody
        .Builder("123")
        .addPart("Hello, World!".toRequestBody(null))
        .build()
    assertThat(body.boundary).isEqualTo("123")

    [
        "/optional-list-bytes",
        "/optional-list-uploadfile",
    ],
)
def test_optional_list(path: str):
    client = TestClient(app)
    response = client.post(path, files=[("p", b"hello"), ("p", b"world")])
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {"file_size": [5, 5]}


# =====================================================================================
# Alias

public class CachedCipherTest {

    @Test
    public void testEncryptDecryptBytes() {
        final CachedCipher cipher = new CachedCipher();
        cipher.setKey("mySecretKey");

        final byte[] original = "Hello World".getBytes();
        final byte[] encrypted = cipher.encrypt(original);
        final byte[] decrypted = cipher.decrypt(encrypted);

        assertThat(encrypted, is(not(original)));

@app.get("/app")
def read_main(request: Request):
    return {"message": "Hello World", "root_path": request.scope.get("root_path")}


client = TestClient(app)


def test_main():
    response = client.get("/app")
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {"message": "Hello World", "root_path": "/api/v1"}


def test_openapi():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")