assertNull(exception.getMessage());
    }

    public void test_constructor_withNullMessageAndCause() {
        // Test constructor with null message and cause
        final JobProcessingException exception = new JobProcessingException(null, null);

        assertNotNull(exception);
        assertNull(exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

        assertEquals(message, ex.getMessage());
        assertEquals(cause, ex.getCause());
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should handle null message and/or cause without throwing")
    void testNullInputs() {
        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> {
            SpnegoException ex1 = new SpnegoException((String) null);
            assertNotNull(ex1);
            assertNull(ex1.getMessage());
            assertNull(ex1.getCause());

        // Test getMessage method explicitly
        String testMessage = "Testing getMessage method";
        ResultOffsetExceededException exception = new ResultOffsetExceededException(testMessage);

        String retrievedMessage = exception.getMessage();
        assertEquals(testMessage, retrievedMessage);

        // Test that multiple calls return the same message
        assertEquals(retrievedMessage, exception.getMessage());

        assertNull(exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

    public void test_constructor_withNullCause() {
        // Test with null cause
        DataStoreException exception = new DataStoreException((Throwable) null);

        assertNotNull(exception);
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
        assertNull(exception.getMessage());
    }

        assertNotSame(exception1, exception2);
        assertFalse(exception1.getMessage().equals(exception2.getMessage()));
        assertEquals("User is not found: user1", exception1.getMessage());
        assertEquals("User is not found: user2", exception2.getMessage());
    }

        assertTrue(exception.getMessage().contains(cause.getClass().getName()));
        assertTrue(exception.getMessage().contains("Cause exception"));
    }

    public void test_constructor_withNullMessage() {
        // Test constructor with null message
        FessSystemException exception = new FessSystemException((String) null);

        assertNull(exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());

        assertEquals("Top level GSA error", exception.getMessage());

        // Check first level cause
        assertNotNull(exception.getCause());
        assertEquals("Intermediate problem", exception.getCause().getMessage());

        // Check second level cause
        assertNotNull(exception.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Root problem", exception.getCause().getCause().getMessage());
    }

        assertNotNull(exception);
        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());

        // Test with empty string
        TransportException emptyException = new TransportException("");
        assertEquals("", emptyException.getMessage());

        // Test with null message

        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
    }

    public void test_message_nullString() {
        // Test with null message string
        int statusCode = 500;
        String message = null;

        WebApiException exception = new WebApiException(statusCode, message);

        assertEquals(statusCode, exception.getStatusCode());
        assertNull(exception.getMessage());
    }

            // If exception thrown, validation is working
            assertTrue(e.getMessage().contains("Invalid negotiate context data length") || e.getMessage().contains("Buffer too small")
                    || e.getMessage().contains("negotiate context"), "Validation detected issue: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Test negotiate context buffer overflow protection.
     */