assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
        assertEquals(middleCause, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals("Middle cause", exception.getCause().getMessage());
        assertEquals(rootCause, exception.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Root cause", exception.getCause().getCause().getMessage());
    }

    public void test_serialVersionUID() {

        assertNotNull(exception);
        assertEquals("Top level error", exception.getMessage());
        assertEquals(middleCause, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals(rootCause, exception.getCause().getCause());
    }

    public void test_stackTrace() {
        // Test that stack trace is properly set
        DataStoreException exception = new DataStoreException("Test error");

        assertEquals("Thumbnail generation error", exception.getMessage());
        assertEquals(middleCause, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals("Processing failed", exception.getCause().getMessage());
        assertEquals(innerCause, exception.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Invalid image format", exception.getCause().getCause().getMessage());
    }

    public void test_serialization() {

        RuntimeCIFSException finalException = new RuntimeCIFSException("Final error", intermediateCause);

        // Then
        assertEquals(intermediateCause, finalException.getCause());
        assertEquals(rootCause, finalException.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Final error", finalException.getMessage());
        assertEquals("Intermediate", intermediateCause.getMessage());

            fail("Should throw IORuntimeException");
        } catch (IORuntimeException e) {
            assertTrue(e.getCause() instanceof IOException);
            assertEquals("Test exception", e.getCause().getMessage());
        }
    }

    public void test_getXContentString_withEmptyContent() {
        ToXContent xContent = new ToXContent() {
            @Override

        } else {
            assertEquals(msg, ex.getMessage(), "Message should be stored as provided");
        }
        assertSame(cause, ex.getCause(), "Cause should be stored and retrievable");
        assertSame(cause, ex.getRootCause(), "Deprecated getRootCause should match getCause");
        assertEquals(NtStatus.NT_STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL, ex.getNtStatus(), "Status should default to unsuccessful for message+cause ctor");
    }

        assertEquals(level1, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals("Runtime error", exception.getCause().getMessage());
        assertEquals(level2, exception.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Invalid state", exception.getCause().getCause().getMessage());
        assertEquals(level3, exception.getCause().getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Null value", exception.getCause().getCause().getCause().getMessage());
    }

        final JobProcessingException exception = new JobProcessingException(middleCause);

        assertNotNull(exception);
        assertEquals(middleCause, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals(rootCause, exception.getCause().getCause());
    }

    public void test_inheritance() {
        // Test that JobProcessingException is a FessSystemException

        assertNotNull(exception.getCause());
        assertEquals(middleCause, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals("Middle cause", exception.getCause().getMessage());
        assertNotNull(exception.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals(rootCause, exception.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Root cause", exception.getCause().getCause().getMessage());
    }

        assertEquals("Level 3", level3.getMessage());
        assertEquals(level2, level3.getCause());
        assertEquals("Level 2", level3.getCause().getMessage());
        assertEquals(level1, level3.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Level 1", level3.getCause().getCause().getMessage());
    }

    public void test_throwAndCatchException() {
        // Test throwing and catching the exception