// overlap below
    assertEquals(Range.closed(4, 6), range.intersection(Range.closed(2, 6)));

    // enclosed with same start
    assertEquals(Range.closed(4, 6), range.intersection(Range.closed(4, 6)));

    // enclosed, interior
    assertEquals(Range.closed(5, 7), range.intersection(Range.closed(5, 7)));

    // enclosed with same end
    assertEquals(Range.closed(6, 8), range.intersection(Range.closed(6, 8)));

    // equal

from datetime import datetime

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.encoders import jsonable_encoder
from pydantic import BaseModel

fake_db = {}


class Item(BaseModel):
    title: str
    timestamp: datetime
    description: str | None = None


app = FastAPI()


@app.put("/items/{id}")
def update_item(id: str, item: Item):
    json_compatible_item_data = jsonable_encoder(item)

@SuppressWarnings ( "javadoc" )
public class NdrShort extends NdrObject {

    public int value;


    public NdrShort ( int value ) {
        this.value = value & 0xFF;
    }


    @Override
    public void encode ( NdrBuffer dst ) throws NdrException {
        dst.enc_ndr_short(this.value);
    }


    @Override
    public void decode ( NdrBuffer src ) throws NdrException {
        this.value = src.dec_ndr_short();
    }

func (tid TargetID) String() string {
	return tid.ID + ":" + tid.Name
}

// ToARN - converts to ARN.
func (tid TargetID) ToARN(region string) ARN {
	return ARN{TargetID: tid, region: region}
}

// MarshalJSON - encodes to JSON data.
func (tid TargetID) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
	return json.Marshal(tid.String())
}

// UnmarshalJSON - decodes JSON data.
func (tid *TargetID) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
	var s string

}

func (filter FilterRule) isEmpty() bool {
	return filter.Name == "" && filter.Value == ""
}

// MarshalXML implements a custom marshaller to support `omitempty` feature.
func (filter FilterRule) MarshalXML(e *xml.Encoder, start xml.StartElement) error {
	if filter.isEmpty() {
		return nil
	}
	type filterRuleWrapper FilterRule
	return e.EncodeElement(filterRuleWrapper(filter), start)
}

// UnmarshalXML - decodes XML data.

        byte[] temp = new byte[28 + avPairsLength + 4];

        Encdec.enc_uint32le(0x00000101, temp, 0); // Header
        Encdec.enc_uint32le(0x00000000, temp, 4); // Reserved
        Encdec.enc_uint64le(nanos1601, temp, 8);
        System.arraycopy(clientChallenge, 0, temp, 16, 8);
        Encdec.enc_uint32le(0x00000000, temp, 24); // Unknown
        if ( avPairs != null )

     */
    int decode ( byte[] buffer, int bufferIndex ) throws SMBProtocolDecodingException;


    /**
     * @param dst
     * @param dstIndex
     * @return message length
     */
    int encode ( byte[] dst, int dstIndex );


    /**
     * @param digest
     */
    void setDigest ( SMBSigningDigest digest );


    /**
     * @return the signing digest
     */

package okhttp3.dnsoverhttps

import java.io.EOFException
import java.net.InetAddress
import java.net.UnknownHostException
import okio.Buffer
import okio.ByteString
import okio.utf8Size

/**
 * Trivial Dns Encoder/Decoder, basically ripped from Netty full implementation.
 */
internal object DnsRecordCodec {
  private const val SERVFAIL = 2
  private const val NXDOMAIN = 3
  const val TYPE_A = 0x0001
  const val TYPE_AAAA = 0x001c

If you have a Pydantic model in your test and you want to send its data to the application during testing, you can use the `jsonable_encoder` described in [JSON Compatible Encoder](encoder.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

///

## Run it

After that, you just need to install `pytest`.

        dstIndex += 4;
        System.arraycopy(this.fileId, 0, dst, dstIndex, 16);
        dstIndex += 16;

        for ( Smb2Lock l : this.locks ) {
            dstIndex += l.encode(dst, dstIndex);
        }
        return dstIndex - start;
    }


    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     *
     * @see jcifs.internal.smb2.ServerMessageBlock2#readBytesWireFormat(byte[], int)
     */