{*../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009.py hl[1,4] *}

Utiliser `Optional[str]` plutôt que `str` permettra à l'éditeur de vous aider à détecter les erreurs où vous supposeriez qu'une valeur est toujours de type `str`, alors qu'elle pourrait aussi être `None`.

#### Types génériques

// it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
//

 *
 * <p>Instances of this class may be used by multiple threads concurrently. All operations are
 * atomic unless otherwise noted.
 *
 * <p>Instances of this class are serializable if the keys are serializable.
 *
 * <p><b>Note:</b> If your values are always positive and less than 2^31, you may wish to use a
 * {@link com.google.common.collect.Multiset} such as {@link
 * com.google.common.collect.ConcurrentHashMultiset} instead.
 *

        sb.append("       id: ").append(getId()).append('\n');
        sb.append("      url: ").append(getUrl()).append('\n');
        sb.append("   layout: ").append(layout != null ? layout : "none").append('\n');

        if (snapshots != null) {
            sb.append("snapshots: [enabled => ").append(snapshots.isEnabled());
            sb.append(", update => ").append(snapshots.getUpdatePolicy()).append("]\n");

// it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
//

// it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
//

// it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
//

Dessa forma você receberá um erro "limpo", com o HTTP status code `418` e um JSON com o conteúdo:

```JSON
{"message": "Oops! yolo did something. There goes a rainbow..."}
```

/// note | Detalhes Técnicos

Você também pode usar `from starlette.requests import Request` e `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse`.

Em breve também criaremos a operação de rota real.

/// info | Informação

Se você é um "Pythonista" muito rigoroso, pode não gostar do estilo do nome do parâmetro `tokenUrl` em vez de `token_url`.

Isso ocorre porque ele usa o mesmo nome da especificação do OpenAPI. Assim, se você precisar investigar mais sobre qualquer um desses esquemas de segurança, pode simplesmente copiar e colar para encontrar mais informações sobre isso.

<SelectObjectContentRequest>
    <Expression>SELECT * from s3object AS s</Expression>
    <ExpressionType>SQL</ExpressionType>
    <InputSerialization>
        <CompressionType>NONE</CompressionType>
        <CSV>
        <FileHeaderInfo>NONE</FileHeaderInfo>
	    <QuoteCharacter>"</QuoteCharacter>
        </CSV>
    </InputSerialization>
    <OutputSerialization>
        <JSON>
        </JSON>