assertSame(cause, getRootCause(exception));
  }

  public void testGetRootCause_loop() {
    Exception cause = new Exception();
    Exception exception = new Exception(cause);
    cause.initCause(exception);
    IllegalArgumentException expected =
        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> getRootCause(cause));
    assertThat(expected).hasCauseThat().isSameInstanceAs(cause);
  }

        return new TunnelingUnixSocket(path, channel, endpoint);
      } catch (ClosedChannelException e) {
        SocketException exception = new SocketException();
        exception.initCause(e);
        throw exception;
      }
    }

    @Override public void close() throws IOException {
      serverSocketChannel.close();
    }
  }

    assertThat(retryTlsHandshake(exception)).isFalse()
  }

  @Test fun nonRetryableSSLHandshakeException() {
    val exception =
      SSLHandshakeException("Certificate handshake exception").apply {
        initCause(CertificateException())
      }
    assertThat(retryTlsHandshake(exception)).isFalse()
  }

  @Test fun retryableSSLHandshakeException() {
    assertThat(retryTlsHandshake(retryableException)).isTrue()
  }

        // Test with nested exceptions
        RuntimeException rootCause = new RuntimeException("Root cause");
        ParseException parseException = new ParseException("Parse error");
        parseException.initCause(rootCause);
        QueryParseException queryParseException = new QueryParseException(parseException);

        assertEquals(parseException, queryParseException.getCause());

      Platform.get().connectSocket(rawSocket, route.socketAddress, socketConnectTimeoutMillis)
    } catch (e: ConnectException) {
      throw ConnectException("Failed to connect to ${route.socketAddress}").apply {
        initCause(e)
      }
    }

    // The following try/catch block is a pseudo hacky way to get around a crash on Android 7.0
    // More details:
    // https://github.com/square/okhttp/issues/3245

    }

    val failure = failures[0]

    if (failure is UnknownHostException) {
      throw failure
    }

    val unknownHostException = UnknownHostException(hostname)
    unknownHostException.initCause(failure)

    for (i in 1 until failures.size) {
      unknownHostException.addSuppressed(failures[i])
    }

    throw unknownHostException
  }

  @Throws(Exception::class)

      X instance = newFromConstructor(constructor, cause);
      if (instance != null) {
        if (instance.getCause() == null) {
          instance.initCause(cause);
        }
        return instance;
      }
    }
    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
        "No appropriate constructor for exception of type "
            + exceptionClass

   * least one {@code Throwable}) and calling the constructor via reflection. If the exception did
   * not already have a cause, one is set by calling {@link Throwable#initCause(Throwable)} on it.
   * If no such constructor exists, an {@code IllegalArgumentException} is thrown.
   *
   * @throws X if {@code get} throws any checked exception except for an {@code ExecutionException}

    } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
      NumberFormatException decodeException =
          new NumberFormatException("Error parsing value: " + stringValue);
      decodeException.initCause(e);
      throw decodeException;
    }
  }

  /*
   * We move the static constants into this class so ProGuard can inline UnsignedLongs entirely
   * unless the user is actually calling a parse method.

   * snapshot of the state and therefore it can be used to answer simple queries without needing to
   * grab a lock.
   */
  // @Immutable except that Throwable is mutable (initCause(), setStackTrace(), mutable subclasses).
  private static final class StateSnapshot {
    /**
     * The internal state, which equals external state unless shutdownWhenStartupFinishes is true.
     */