## Other middlewares { #other-middlewares }

There are many other ASGI middlewares.

For example:

    return stringWriter.toString();
  }

  /**
   * Returns the stack trace of {@code throwable}, possibly providing slower iteration over the full
   * trace but faster iteration over parts of the trace. Here, "slower" and "faster" are defined in
   * comparison to the normal way to access the stack trace, {@link Throwable#getStackTrace()

 * iterators that don't support {@code remove()}. Otherwise, all optional operations are supported.
 * Null row keys, columns keys, and values are not supported.
 *
 * <p>Lookups by row key are often faster than lookups by column key, because the data is stored in
 * a {@code Map<R, Map<C, V>>}. A method call like {@code column(columnKey).get(rowKey)} still runs

 * iterators that don't support {@code remove()}. Otherwise, all optional operations are supported.
 * Null row keys, columns keys, and values are not supported.
 *
 * <p>Lookups by row key are often faster than lookups by column key, because the data is stored in
 * a {@code Map<R, Map<C, V>>}. A method call like {@code column(columnKey).get(rowKey)} still runs

  /*
   * Abstract methods from Writer
   */

  @Override
  public void write(char[] cbuf, int off, int len) throws IOException {
    checkNotClosed();
    // It turns out that creating a new String is usually as fast, or faster
    // than wrapping cbuf in a light-weight CharSequence.
    target.append(new String(cbuf, off, len));
  }

  /*
   * Override a few functions for performance reasons to avoid creating unnecessary strings.
   */

        }
      }
    }
  ]
}
```

### v1.3+ versions

Version 1.3 introduces changes to help with [faster metadata reads and updates](https://blog.min.io/minio-versioning-metadata-deep-dive/)

| Entry           | Encoding                    | Content

    }
  }

  /**
   * A trust manager for Android applications that customize the trust manager.
   *
   * This class exploits knowledge of Android implementation details. This class is potentially
   * much faster to initialize than [BasicTrustRootIndex] because it doesn't need to load and
   * index trusted CA certificates.
   */
  internal data class CustomTrustRootIndex(
    private val trustManager: X509TrustManager,

          CharStreams.copy(reader, sb);
        }
        return sb.toString();
      }
    },
    // It really seems like this should be faster than TO_BYTE_ARRAY_NEW_STRING.  But it just isn't
    // my best guess is that the jdk authors have spent more time optimizing that callpath than this

1. This is the generator function. It's a "generator function" because it contains `yield` statements inside.
2. By using a `with` block, we make sure that the file-like object is closed after the generator function is done. So, after it finishes sending the response.

 * number of streams, dynamically configured with `SETTINGS_MAX_CONCURRENT_STREAMS`. A connection
 * currently carrying zero streams is an idle stream. We keep it alive because reusing an existing
 * connection is typically faster than establishing a new one.
 *
 * When a single logical call requires multiple streams due to redirects or authorization
 * challenges, we prefer to use the same physical connection for all streams in the sequence. There