만약 (나중에 문서에서 다룰) 백그라운드 작업이 있다면, 모든 미들웨어가 실행되고 *난 후에* 실행됩니다.

///

## 미들웨어 만들기

미들웨어를 작성하기 위해서 함수 상단에 `@app.middleware("http")` 데코레이터를 사용할 수 있습니다.

미들웨어 함수는 다음 항목들을 받습니다:

* `request`.
* `request`를 매개변수로 받는 `call_next` 함수.
    * 이 함수는 `request`를 해당하는 *경로 작업*으로 전달합니다.
    * 그런 다음, *경로 작업*에 의해 생성된 `response` 를 반환합니다.
* `response`를 반환하기 전에 추가로 `response`를 수정할 수 있습니다.

```Python hl_lines="8-9  11  14"

    this.server = server
    platform.assumeOpenJSSE()
  }

  @Test
  fun testTlsv13Works() {
    enableTls()

    server.enqueue(MockResponse(body = "abc"))

    val request = Request(server.url("/"))

    val response = client.newCall(request).execute()

    response.use {
      assertEquals(200, response.code)
      assertEquals(TlsVersion.TLS_1_3, response.handshake?.tlsVersion)

<% 
Integer statusCode = (Integer)request.getAttribute("jakarta.servlet.error.status_code");
String servletName = (String)request.getAttribute("jakarta.servlet.error.servlet_name");
String requestUri = (String)request.getAttribute("jakarta.servlet.error.request_uri");
String type = request.getParameter("type");
StringBuilder redirectPage = new StringBuilder();
redirectPage.append(((jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)request).getContextPath());

<% 
Integer statusCode = (Integer)request.getAttribute("jakarta.servlet.error.status_code");
String servletName = (String)request.getAttribute("jakarta.servlet.error.servlet_name");
String requestUri = (String)request.getAttribute("jakarta.servlet.error.request_uri");
String type = request.getParameter("type");
StringBuilder redirectPage = new StringBuilder();
redirectPage.append(((jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)request).getContextPath());

            public static boolean isMultipartRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
                return request.getContentType() != null && request.getContentType().startsWith(MULTIPART_FORMDATA_TYPE);
            }

            @Override
            public void handle(String target, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, int dispatch)

from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI, Request, Response
from fastapi.routing import APIRoute


class TimedRoute(APIRoute):
    def get_route_handler(self) -> Callable:
        original_route_handler = super().get_route_handler()

        async def custom_route_handler(request: Request) -> Response:
            before = time.time()
            response: Response = await original_route_handler(request)
            duration = time.time() - before

            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                logger.debug("Logging in with Azure AD Authenticator");
            }
            final HttpSession session = request.getSession(false);
            if (session != null && containsAuthenticationData(request)) {
                try {
                    return processAuthenticationData(request);

@app.route('/oauth2/callback')
def callback():
    error = request.args.get('error', '')
    if error:
        return "Error: " + error

    authorization_code = request.args.get('code')

    data = {'grant_type': 'authorization_code',
            'code': authorization_code, 'redirect_uri': callback_uri}
    id_token_response = requests.post(
        token_url, data=data, verify=False,

from fastapi import FastAPI, Request

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/app")
def read_main(request: Request):

        .build()
  }

  @Test
  fun testRequestExternal() {
    assumeNetwork()

    val request = Request("https://www.google.com/robots.txt".toHttpUrl())

    val networkRequest =
      request.newBuilder()
        .build()

    val call = client.newCall(networkRequest)

    call.execute().use { response ->
      assertThat(response.code).isEqualTo(200)