}

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should handle circular reference in root cause")
        void testCircularReferenceInRootCause() {
            // Create a mock exception that could have circular reference
            Exception rootCause = mock(Exception.class);
            when(rootCause.getMessage()).thenReturn("Mocked exception");

                }
            }
        } catch (final Exception e) {
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                logger.debug("Could not create a highlighting value: {}", docMap, e);
            }
        }

        if (Constants.TEXT_FRAGMENT_TYPE_QUERY.equals(fessConfig.getQueryHighlightTextFragmentType())) {

          Comparator<? super E> comparator = spliterator.getComparator();
          if (comparator == null) {
            // A sorted spliterator with no comparator is already using natural order.
            // (We could probably find a way to avoid rawtypes here if we wanted.)
            @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"})
            Comparator<? super E> naturalOrder =

   * be called.
   */
  abstract boolean isDone();

  /**
   * Do interruptible work here - do not complete Futures here, as their listeners could be
   * interrupted.
   */
  @ParametricNullness
  abstract T runInterruptibly() throws Exception;

  /**
   * Any interruption that happens as a result of calling interruptTask will arrive before this

          Comparator<? super E> comparator = spliterator.getComparator();
          if (comparator == null) {
            // A sorted spliterator with no comparator is already using natural order.
            // (We could probably find a way to avoid rawtypes here if we wanted.)
            @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"})
            Comparator<? super E> naturalOrder =

   * should use this method over {@link #setCountCheckReturnValue(Object, int)} when they expect
   * {@code setCount()} to throw an exception, as checking the return value could produce an
   * incorrect error message like "setCount() should return the original count" instead of the
   * message passed to a later invocation of {@code fail()}, like "setCount should throw
   * UnsupportedOperationException."

{* ../../docs_src/request_files/tutorial002_an_py39.py hl[10,15] *}

You will receive, as declared, a `list` of `bytes` or `UploadFile`s.

/// note | Technical Details

You could also use `from starlette.responses import HTMLResponse`.

 *
 *  * If `client_max_window_bits` is less than 15, OkHttp must close the web socket with code 1010.
 *    Otherwise it would compress values in a way that servers could not decompress.
 *  * If `server_max_window_bits` is less than 15, OkHttp will waste memory on an oversized buffer.
 *
 * See [RFC 7692, 7.1][rfc_7692] for details on negotiation process.
 *

    // shutDown or runOneIteration) run concurrently with one another.
    // TODO(lukes): why don't we use ListenableFuture to sequence things? Then we could drop the
    // lock.
    private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();

    @WeakOuter
    final class Task implements Runnable {
      @Override
      public void run() {
        lock.lock();

9. This *path operation function* is not returning dataclasses (although it could), but a list of dictionaries with internal data.

    FastAPI will use the `response_model` parameter (that includes dataclasses) to convert the response.