return value.replace(USERNAME, credentials.getUserPrincipal().getName()).replace(PASSWORD, credentials.getPassword());
        }
        return StringUtil.EMPTY;
    }

    /**
     * Returns a string representation of this object.
     * @return A string representation.
     */
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "FormScheme [parameterMap=" + parameterMap + "]";

      assertEquals(expectedBytes / chunkSize, processCalled);
      assertEquals(expectedBytes % chunkSize != 0, remainingCalled);
    }

    // returns the minimum x such as x >= a && (x % b) == 0
    private static int ceilToMultiple(int a, int b) {
      int remainder = a % b;
      return remainder == 0 ? a : a + b - remainder;
    }

    void assertBytes(byte[] expected) {
      byte[] got = out.toByteArray();

        System.arraycopy(dest, 8, actualPayload, 0, payload.length);
        assertArrayEquals(payload, actualPayload, "Payload copy must match");
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("getOEMEncoding returns configured OEM encoding")
    void testGetOEMEncoding() {
        assertEquals(Config.DEFAULT_OEM_ENCODING, NtlmMessage.getOEMEncoding(), "OEM encoding should match config’s default value");
    }

	objLayer := newObjectLayerFn()
	// Service not initialized yet
	if objLayer == nil {
		return
	}

	dataUsageInfo, err := loadDataUsageFromBackend(GlobalContext, objLayer)
	if err != nil {
		return
	}
	// data usage has not captured any data yet.
	if dataUsageInfo.LastUpdate.IsZero() {
		return
	}

	for bucket, usageInfo := range dataUsageInfo.BucketsUsage {

        void getUserDomain_fallbackToSuper() {
            Kerb5Authenticator auth = new Kerb5Authenticator(null, "DOM", "u", "p");
            // No explicit realm or subject -> returns super.getUserDomain()
            assertEquals("DOM", auth.getUserDomain());
        }
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Protected setSubject: updates subject used by getters")

- `@Execute` marks web endpoints
- `@Resource` for DI
- `@Secured({ "role", "role-view" })` for authorization
- Return `HtmlResponse` for JSP, `JsonResponse` for APIs

### Service
- Inject behaviors (Bhv) for data access
- Use `OptionalEntity<T>` for nullable returns
- Plain classes (no extends/implements)

### Helper
- Stateless utility classes
- Access via `ComponentUtil.getXyzHelper()`

    void testTreeConnectResponseInterface() {
        // Then
        assertTrue(response instanceof TreeConnectResponse);

        // Test all interface methods
        assertNull(response.getService()); // getService returns null in SMB2
        assertEquals(response.getTreeId(), response.getTid());
    }

    /**
     * Helper method to create a valid response buffer
     */

    protected abstract List<Long> create(Long[] elements);

    @Override
    public Long[] createArray(int length) {
      return new Long[length];
    }

    /** Returns the original element list, unchanged. */
    @Override
    public List<Long> order(List<Long> insertionOrder) {
      return insertionOrder;
    }
  }

  @J2ktIncompatible
  @GwtIncompatible // used only from suite
  @AndroidIncompatible

          .serialNumber(i.toLong())
          .build(),
      )
    }
    return result
  }

  private fun list(vararg heldCertificates: HeldCertificate): List<Certificate> {
    val result: MutableList<Certificate> = ArrayList()
    for (heldCertificate in heldCertificates) {
      result.add(heldCertificate.certificate)
    }
    return result
  }

        Throwable cause = new RuntimeException("root cause");

        // Act
        SMBProtocolDowngradeException ex = new SMBProtocolDowngradeException(null, cause);

        // Assert - null message retained; cause preserved
        assertNull(ex.getMessage());
        assertSame(cause, ex.getCause());
        assertEquals(SMBProtocolDowngradeException.class.getName(), ex.toString());
    }

    @Test