*
   * <p>Since Strings are immutable and built into the jdk we can optimize some operations
   *
   * <ul>
   *   <li>use {@link StringReader} instead of {@link CharSequenceReader}. It is faster since it can
   *       use {@link String#getChars(int, int, char[], int)} instead of copying characters one by
   *       one with {@link CharSequence#charAt(int)}.

   * moved to index "distance", and the element at index {@code i} ends up at index {@code (distance
   * + i) mod array.length}. This is equivalent to {@code Collections.rotate(Chars.asList(array),
   * distance)}, but is considerably faster and avoids allocation and garbage collection.
   *
   * <p>The provided "distance" may be negative, which will rotate left.
   *
   * @since 32.0.0
   */
  public static void rotate(char[] array, int distance) {

   * moved to index "distance", and the element at index {@code i} ends up at index {@code (distance
   * + i) mod array.length}. This is equivalent to {@code Collections.rotate(Shorts.asList(array),
   * distance)}, but is considerably faster and avoids allocation and garbage collection.
   *
   * <p>The provided "distance" may be negative, which will rotate left.
   *
   * @since 32.0.0
   */
  public static void rotate(short[] array, int distance) {

    return stringWriter.toString();
  }

  /**
   * Returns the stack trace of {@code throwable}, possibly providing slower iteration over the full
   * trace but faster iteration over parts of the trace. Here, "slower" and "faster" are defined in
   * comparison to the normal way to access the stack trace, {@link Throwable#getStackTrace()

  - type: checkboxes
    attributes:
      label: Checklist
      options:
        - label: >
            I agree to follow the
            [code of conduct](https://github.com/google/.github/blob/master/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md).
          required: true
        - label: >
            I have read and understood the [contribution
            guidelines](https://github.com/google/guava/wiki/HowToContribute#feature-requests).

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullMarked;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;
import org.junit.Ignore;

/**
 * Tester for {@link Multimap#put}.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")

    return parentFile.isDescendentOf(directory)
  }

  /**
   * See FinalizationTester for discussion on how to best trigger GC in tests.
   * https://android.googlesource.com/platform/libcore/+/master/support/src/test/java/libcore/
   * java/lang/ref/FinalizationTester.java
   */
  @Throws(Exception::class)
  @JvmStatic
  fun awaitGarbageCollection() {
    Runtime.getRuntime().gc()
    Thread.sleep(100)

  - type: checkboxes
    attributes:
      label: Checklist
      options:
        - label: >
            I agree to follow the
            [code of conduct](https://github.com/google/.github/blob/master/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md).
          required: true
        - label: >
            I have read and understood the [contribution
            guidelines](https://github.com/google/guava/wiki/HowToContribute#feature-requests).

    CharArrayDecorator(char[] @Nullable [] replacements) {
      this.replacements = replacements;
      this.replaceLength = replacements.length;
    }

    /*
     * Overriding escape method to be slightly faster for this decorator. We test the replacements
     * array directly, saving a method call.
     */
    @Override
    public String escape(String s) {
      int slen = s.length();

   *
   * <p><b>Warning:</b> This method, which reencodes the input before processing it, is useful only
   * for cross-language compatibility. For other use cases, prefer {@link #putUnencodedChars}, which
   * is faster, produces the same output across Java releases, and processes every {@code char} in
   * the input, even if some are invalid.
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue