# Тестирование

Благодаря <a href="https://www.starlette.io/testclient/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a>, тестировать приложения **FastAPI** легко и приятно.

Тестирование основано на библиотеке <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">HTTPX</a>, которая в свою очередь основана на библиотеке Requests, так что все действия знакомы и интуитивно понятны.

## 📄

⏮️ 🔬 📚 🎛, 👤 💭 👈 👤 🔜 ⚙️ <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">**Pydantic**</a> 🚮 📈.

⤴️ 👤 📉 ⚫️, ⚒ ⚫️ 🍕 🛠️ ⏮️ 🎻 🔗, 🐕‍🦺 🎏 🌌 🔬 ⚛ 📄, &amp; 📉 👨‍🎨 🐕‍🦺 (🆎 ✅, ✍) ⚓️ 🔛 💯 📚 👨‍🎨.

⏮️ 🛠️, 👤 📉 <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">**💃**</a>, 🎏 🔑 📄.

## 🛠️

* <a href="https://github.com/florimondmanca/msgpack-asgi" class="external-link" target="_blank">MessagePack</a>

// Package-wide variables from generator "generated".
option go_package = "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime";

// RawExtension is used to hold extensions in external versions.
//
// To use this, make a field which has RawExtension as its type in your external, versioned
// struct, and Object in your internal struct. You also need to register your
// various plugin types.
//
// // Internal package:
//

O `TestClient` é baseado no <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">HTTPX</a>, e felizmente nós podemos utilizá-lo diretamente para testar a API.

## Exemplo

```Python hl_lines="1  7-12  19-20"
{!../../docs_src/dataclasses/tutorial001.py!}
```

Isso ainda é suportado graças ao **Pydantic**, pois ele tem <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/dataclasses/#use-of-stdlib-dataclasses-with-basemodel" class="external-link" target="_blank">suporte interno para `dataclasses`</a>.

JSON Schemaの最新バージョンでは<a href="https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/json-schema-validation.html#rfc.section.9.5" class="external-link" target="_blank">`examples`</a>というフィールドを定義していますが、OpenAPIは`examples`を持たない古いバージョンのJSON Schemaをベースにしています。

そのため、OpenAPIでは同じ目的のために<a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/blob/master/versions/3.0.3.md#fixed-fields-20" class="external-link" target="_blank">`example`</a>を独自に定義しており（`examples`ではなく`example`として）、それがdocs UI（Swagger UIを使用）で使用されています。

# ⚜ (✖️-🇨🇳 ℹ 🤝)

<a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/CORS" class="external-link" target="_blank">⚜ ⚖️ "✖️-🇨🇳 ℹ 🤝"</a> 🔗 ⚠ 🕐❔ 🕸 🏃‍♂ 🖥 ✔️ 🕸 📟 👈 🔗 ⏮️ 👩‍💻, &amp; 👩‍💻 🎏 "🇨🇳" 🌘 🕸.

## 🇨🇳

🇨🇳 🌀 🛠️ (`http`, `https`), 🆔 (`myapp.com`, `localhost`, `localhost.tiangolo.com`), &amp; ⛴ (`80`, `443`, `8080`).

, 🌐 👫 🎏 🇨🇳:

* `http://localhost`
* `https://localhost`
* `http://localhost:8080`

Quando você precisar receber campos de formulário ao invés de JSON, você pode usar `Form`.

/// info | "Informação"

Para usar formulários, primeiro instale <a href="https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart" class="external-link" target="_blank">`python-multipart`</a>.

Ex: `pip install python-multipart`.

///

## Importe `Form`

Importe `Form` de `fastapi`:

```Python hl_lines="1"

* <a href="https://github.com/swagger-api/swagger-ui" class="external-link" target="_blank"><strong>Swagger UI</strong></a>, với giao diện khám phá, gọi và kiểm thử API trực tiếp từ trình duyệt.

![Swagger UI interaction](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/index/index-03-swagger-02.png)

* Thay thế với tài liệu API với <a href="https://github.com/Rebilly/ReDoc" class="external-link" target="_blank"><strong>ReDoc</strong></a>.