buf.writeOctetArray(contextHandle, 0, Math.min(contextHandle.length, 20));
            // Pad with zeros if context handle is shorter than 20 bytes
            for (int i = contextHandle.length; i < 20; i++) {
                buf.enc_ndr_small(0);
            }
        } else {
            // Write 20 zero bytes for null context handle
            for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
                buf.enc_ndr_small(0);

     * that the result is <code>size</code> digits.
     *
     * @param val the integer value to convert to hexadecimal
     * @param size the desired length of the resulting hex string (will be left-padded with zeros)
     * @return a hexadecimal string representation of the value, padded to the specified size
     */
    public static String toHexString(final int val, final int size) {
        final char[] c = new char[size];

        if (nonce.length == 12) {
            // For CCM cipher, pad nonce to 16 bytes with zeros
            System.arraycopy(nonce, 0, this.nonce, 0, 12);
            // Last 4 bytes remain zero-initialized
        } else if (nonce.length == 16) {
            // For GCM cipher, use full 16-byte nonce
            System.arraycopy(nonce, 0, this.nonce, 0, 16);

    // The response structure is reserved and must be zero (8 bytes)
    private byte[] reserved = new byte[8];

    /**
     * Create a new durable handle response
     */
    public DurableHandleResponse() {
        // Reserved field initialized to zeros
    }

    @Override
    public byte[] getName() {
        return CONTEXT_NAME_BYTES;
    }

            lock = new Smb2Lock(999L, 888L, 0xFF);

            // Fill buffer with non-zero values
            Arrays.fill(buffer, (byte) 0xFF);

            lock.encode(buffer, 0);

            // Reserved field bytes are not modified by the encode method
            // The implementation just skips these bytes without writing zeros
            assertEquals(-1, SMBUtil.readInt4(buffer, 20));
        }
    }

        assertEquals(0, cmd.readParametersWireFormat(buf, 0, buf.length));
        assertEquals(0, cmd.readDataWireFormat(buf, 0, buf.length));
    }

    @ParameterizedTest
    @CsvSource({ "0, 0", // all zeros
            "-1, 2147483647", // negative fid, max positive security
            "12345, 999" // arbitrary numbers
    })
    void toString_includesCorrectHexValues(int fid, int securityInformation) {

     * that the result is <code>size</code> digits.
     *
     * @param val the integer value to convert to hexadecimal
     * @param size the desired length of the resulting hex string (will be left-padded with zeros)
     * @return a hexadecimal string representation of the value, padded to the specified size
     */
    public static String toHexString(final int val, final int size) {
        final char[] c = new char[size];

    @Nested
    @DisplayName("Edge Case Tests")
    class EdgeCaseTests {

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should handle source key with all zeros")
        void testSourceKeyAllZeros() {
            // Given
            byte[] zeroKey = new byte[SOURCE_KEY_SIZE]; // All zeros by default
            SrvCopychunk chunk = new SrvCopychunk(1, 2, 3);
            SrvCopychunkCopy copy = new SrvCopychunkCopy(zeroKey, chunk);

        assertEquals(0, response.getCapabilities(), "Capabilities should be zero");
        assertArrayEquals(new byte[16], response.getServerGuid(), "Server GUID should be all zeros");
        assertEquals(0, response.getSecurityMode(), "Security mode should be zero");
        assertEquals(0, response.getDialect(), "Dialect should be zero");
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test decode with maximum values")

        SMBUtil.writeInt4(104, buffer, 8); // NextEntryOffset to second entry
        SMBUtil.writeInt4(0, buffer, 12); // FileIndex
        // ... rest of first entry fields (zeros for simplicity)
        for (int i = 16; i < 102; i++) {
            buffer[i] = 0;
        }
        SMBUtil.writeInt4(8, buffer, 68); // FileNameLength at offset 60 from start