/// note | Technical Details

You could also use `from starlette.responses import HTMLResponse`.

**FastAPI** provides the same `starlette.responses` as `fastapi.responses` just as a convenience for you, the developer. But most of the available responses come directly from Starlette.

///

client = TestClient(app)


def test_path_operations():
    response = client.get("/items/")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    response = client.get("/users/")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text


def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {
        "openapi": "3.1.0",

        # Delete a hero
        response = client.delete(f"/heroes/{hero_id}")
        assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
        assert response.json() == snapshot({"ok": True})

        # The hero is no longer found
        response = client.get(f"/heroes/{hero_id}")
        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text

        # Delete a hero that does not exist
        response = client.delete(f"/heroes/{hero_id}")

def test_create_item(client: TestClient) -> None:
    response = client.post("/items/", json={"name": "Foo"})
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"name": "Foo", "description": None}


def test_read_items(client: TestClient) -> None:
    response = client.get("/items/")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == [
        {
            "name": "Portal Gun",

def test_get_items():
    response = client.get("/items/")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == ["Portal gun", "Plumbus"]


def test_get_users():
    response = client.get("/users/")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == ["Rick", "Morty"]


def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")

    assert response.json() == [{"data": "myitem"}, {"data": "myitem"}]


def test_sub_duplicates():
    response = client.post("/with-duplicates-sub", json={"data": "myitem"})
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == [
        {"data": "myitem"},
        [{"data": "myitem"}, {"data": "myitem"}],
    ]


def test_openapi_schema():

Мы не будем добавлять префикс `/items` и список тегов `tags=["items"]` для каждого *эндпоинта*, т.к. мы уже их добавили с помощью `APIRouter`.

Но помимо этого мы можем добавить новые теги для каждого отдельного *эндпоинта*, а также некоторые дополнительные ответы (`responses`), характерные для данного *эндпоинта*:

client = TestClient(app)


def test_get():
    response = client.post(
        "/invoices/", json={"id": "fooinvoice", "customer": "John", "total": 5.3}
    )
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"msg": "Invoice received"}


def test_openapi_schema():
    with client:
        response = client.get("/openapi.json")
        assert response.json() == {
            "openapi": "3.1.0",

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse
from pydantic import BaseModel


class Item(BaseModel):
    id: str
    value: str


class Message(BaseModel):
    message: str


app = FastAPI()


@app.get(
    "/items/{item_id}",
    response_model=Item,
    responses={
        404: {"model": Message, "description": "The item was not found"},
        200: {

    }

    /**
     * Returns whether this rule is a default rule that matches all responses.
     * @return true if this is a default rule, false otherwise
     */
    public boolean isDefaultRule() {
        return defaultRule;
    }

    /**
     * Sets whether this rule should be a default rule that matches all responses.
     * @param defaultRule true to make this a default rule, false otherwise
     */