from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.request_files.tutorial001_03_an import app

client = TestClient(app)


def test_post_file(tmp_path):
    path = tmp_path / "test.txt"
    path.write_bytes(b"<file content>")

    client = TestClient(app)
    with path.open("rb") as file:
        response = client.post("/files/", files={"file": file})
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text

```

/// check | "Verifique"



///

	Observe que o valor recebido pela função (e também retornado por ela) é `3`, como um Python `int`, não como uma string `"3"`.

	Então, com essa declaração de tipo, o **FastAPI** dá pra você um <abbr title="convertendo a string que veio do request HTTP em um dado Python">"parsing"</abbr> automático no request .

## Validação de dados

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.extending_openapi.tutorial001 import app

client = TestClient(app)


def test():
    response = client.get("/items/")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == [{"name": "Foo"}]


def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {

////

Der Query-Parameter `q` hat den Typ `Union[str, None]` (oder `str | None` in Python 3.10), was bedeutet, er ist entweder ein `str` oder `None`. Der Defaultwert ist `None`, also weiß FastAPI, der Parameter ist nicht erforderlich.

/// note | "Hinweis"

FastAPI weiß nur dank des definierten Defaultwertes `=None`, dass der Wert von `q` nicht erforderlich ist

**FastAPI**를 사용하면 매개변수에 대한 추가 정보 및 검증을 선언할 수 있습니다.

이 응용 프로그램을 예로 들어보겠습니다:

```Python hl_lines="9"
{!../../docs_src/query_params_str_validations/tutorial001.py!}
```

쿼리 매개변수 `q`는 `Optional[str]` 자료형입니다. 즉, `str` 자료형이지만 `None` 역시 될 수 있음을 뜻하고, 실제로 기본값은 `None`이기 때문에 FastAPI는 이 매개변수가 필수가 아니라는 것을 압니다.

/// note | "참고"

FastAPI는 `q`의 기본값이 `= None`이기 때문에 필수가 아님을 압니다.

# 部署

部署 **FastAPI** 应用程序相对容易。

## 部署是什么意思

**部署**应用程序意味着执行必要的步骤以使其**可供用户使用**。

对于**Web API**来说，通常涉及将上传到**云服务器**中，搭配一个性能和稳定性都不错的**服务器程序**，以便你的**用户**可以高效地**访问**你的应用程序，而不会出现中断或其他问题。

这与**开发**阶段形成鲜明对比，在**开发**阶段，你不断更改代码、破坏代码、修复代码, 来回停止和重启服务器等。

## 部署策略

根据你的使用场景和使用的工具，有多种方法可以实现此目的。

你可以使用一些工具自行**部署服务器**，你也可以使用能为你完成部分工作的**云服务**，或其他可能的选项。

我将向你展示在部署 **FastAPI** 应用程序时你可能应该记住的一些主要概念（尽管其中大部分适用于任何其他类型的 Web 应用程序）。

from dirty_equals import IsDict, IsOneOf
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.response_model.tutorial003_01 import app

client = TestClient(app)


def test_post_user():
    response = client.post(
        "/user/",
        json={
            "username": "foo",
            "password": "fighter",
            "email": "******@****.***",
            "full_name": "Grave Dohl",
        },
    )

import os
import shutil

from dirty_equals import IsDict
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.additional_responses.tutorial004 import app

client = TestClient(app)


def test_path_operation():
    response = client.get("/items/foo")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"id": "foo", "value": "there goes my hero"}


def test_path_operation_img():

import pytest
from dirty_equals import IsDict, IsOneOf
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.response_model.tutorial004 import app

client = TestClient(app)


@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    "url,data",
    [
        ("/items/foo", {"name": "Foo", "price": 50.2}),
        (
            "/items/bar",
            {"name": "Bar", "description": "The bartenders", "price": 62, "tax": 20.2},
        ),
        (

import pytest
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from ...utils import needs_py310, needs_pydanticv2


@pytest.fixture(name="client")
def get_client() -> TestClient:
    from docs_src.separate_openapi_schemas.tutorial002_py310 import app

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


@needs_py310
def test_create_item(client: TestClient) -> None:
    response = client.post("/items/", json={"name": "Foo"})