// Test throwing and catching the exception with cause
        String expectedMessage = "SAML assertion validation failed";
        Exception expectedCause = new IllegalStateException("Invalid SAML response");

        try {
            throw new SsoProcessException(expectedMessage, expectedCause);
        } catch (SsoProcessException e) {
            assertEquals(expectedMessage, e.getMessage());

#### The time to answer helps the attackers { #the-time-to-answer-helps-the-attackers }

At that point, by noticing that the server took some microseconds longer to send the "Incorrect username or password" response, the attackers will know that they got _something_ right, some of the initial letters were right.

And then they can try again knowing that it's probably something more similar to `stanleyjobsox` than to `johndoe`.

Ainda é possível usar `BackgroundTask` sozinho no FastAPI, mas você deve criar o objeto em seu código e retornar uma Starlette `Response` incluindo-o.

Você pode ver mais detalhes na <a href="https://www.starlette.io/background/" class="external-link" target="_blank"> documentação oficiais da Starlette para tarefas em segundo plano </a>.

## Ressalva

    val exception: IOException,
    val retry: Boolean,
  ) : CallEvent()

  data class FollowUpDecision(
    override val timestampNs: Long,
    override val call: Call,
    val networkResponse: Response,
    val nextRequest: Request?,
  ) : CallEvent()

请注意，测试函数现在用的是 `async def`，而不是像以前使用 `TestClient` 时那样只是 `def` 。

///

我们现在可以使用应用程序创建一个 `AsyncClient` ，并使用 `await` 向其发送异步请求。

{* ../../docs_src/async_tests/test_main.py hl[9:12] *}

这相当于：

```Python
response = client.get('/')
```

我们曾经通过它向 `TestClient` 发出请求。

/// tip

请注意，我们正在将 async/await 与新的 `AsyncClient` 一起使用——请求是异步的。

///

/// warning

///

## Return the token { #return-the-token }

The response of the `token` endpoint must be a JSON object.

It should have a `token_type`. In our case, as we are using "Bearer" tokens, the token type should be "`bearer`".

http://localhost:8000/items/?q=foo&q=bar
```

bekommen Sie alle `q`-*Query-Parameter*-Werte (`foo` und `bar`) in einer Python-Liste – `list` – in ihrer *Pfadoperation-Funktion*, im Funktionsparameter `q`, überreicht.

Die Response für diese URL wäre also:

```JSON
{
  "q": [
    "foo",
    "bar"
  ]
}
```

/// tip | Tipp

		if resp.Update != nil {
			select {
			case <-ctx.Done():
			case updates <- *resp.Update:
			}
		}
		if resp.Final != nil {
			final = resp.Final
		}
		// We can't reuse the response since it is sent upstream.
		return nil
	})
	if err != nil {
		return cache, toStorageErr(err)
	}
	if final == nil {
		return cache, errors.New("no final cache")
	}
	return *final, nil
}

     *
     * A push promise contains all the headers that pertain to a server-initiated request, and a
     * `promisedStreamId` to which response frames will be delivered. Push promise frames are sent
     * as a part of the response to `streamId`.
     *
     * @param streamId client-initiated stream ID.  Must be an odd number.
     * @param promisedStreamId server-initiated stream ID.  Must be an even number.

  }

  private interface IteratorOperation {
    @Nullable Object execute(Iterator<?> iterator);
  }

  /**
   * Apply this method to both iterators and return normally only if both produce the same response.
   *
   * @see Stimulus#executeAndCompare(ListIterator, Iterator)
   */
  @SuppressWarnings("CatchingUnchecked") // sneaky checked exception
  private <T extends Iterator<E>> void internalExecuteAndCompare(