*
   * When we reference FinalizableReferenceQueue in this test, we are referencing a class that is
   * loaded by this test and that will obviously remain loaded for as long as the test is running.
   * So in order to check ClassLoader garbage collection we need to create a new ClassLoader and

     * Maven-based resolution. In more detail, this method configures settings relevant for the processing of dependency
     * graphs, most other settings remain at their generic default value. Use the various setters to further configure
     * the session with authentication, mirror, proxy and other information required for your environment. At least,

        if (nonce.length == 12) {
            // For CCM cipher, pad nonce to 16 bytes with zeros
            System.arraycopy(nonce, 0, this.nonce, 0, 12);
            // Last 4 bytes remain zero-initialized
        } else if (nonce.length == 16) {
            // For GCM cipher, use full 16-byte nonce
            System.arraycopy(nonce, 0, this.nonce, 0, 16);
        } else {

    private Builder() {}

    /**
     * Sets the safe range of characters for the escaper. Characters in this range that have no
     * explicit replacement are considered 'safe' and remain unescaped in the output. If {@code
     * safeMax < safeMin} then the safe range is empty.
     *
     * @param safeMin the lowest 'safe' character
     * @param safeMax the highest 'safe' character

테스트에서 비동기 함수를 사용할 수 있으면 유용할 수 있습니다. 예를 들어 데이터베이스를 비동기로 쿼리하는 경우를 생각해 보세요. FastAPI 애플리케이션에 요청을 보낸 다음, async 데이터베이스 라이브러리를 사용하면서 백엔드가 데이터베이스에 올바른 데이터를 성공적으로 기록했는지 검증하고 싶을 수 있습니다.

어떻게 동작하게 만들 수 있는지 살펴보겠습니다.

## pytest.mark.anyio { #pytest-mark-anyio }

테스트에서 비동기 함수를 호출하려면, 테스트 함수도 비동기여야 합니다. AnyIO는 이를 위한 깔끔한 플러그인을 제공하며, 일부 테스트 함수를 비동기로 호출하도록 지정할 수 있습니다.

## HTTPX { #httpx }

    client =
      client
        .newBuilder()
        // Since this test knowingly leaks a connection, avoid using the default shared connection
        // pool, which should remain clean for subsequent tests.
        .connectionPool(ConnectionPool())
        .addNetworkInterceptor(
          Interceptor { chain: Interceptor.Chain? ->
            val response =
              chain!!.proceed(

    for (int i = 0; i < 11; i++) {
      limiter.acquire(); // #7, showing off the warmup starting from totally cold
    }

    // make sure the areas (times) remain the same, while permits are different
    assertEvents(
        "R0.00, R1.38, R1.13, R0.88, R0.63, R0.50, R0.50, R0.50", // #1
        "U4.50", // #2
        "R0.00, R1.38, R1.13", // #3, after that the rate changes

    for (int i = 0; i < 11; i++) {
      limiter.acquire(); // #7, showing off the warmup starting from totally cold
    }

    // make sure the areas (times) remain the same, while permits are different
    assertEvents(
        "R0.00, R1.38, R1.13, R0.88, R0.63, R0.50, R0.50, R0.50", // #1
        "U4.50", // #2
        "R0.00, R1.38, R1.13", // #3, after that the rate changes

    assertThat(expected).hasMessageThat().isEqualTo("Mark not set");
  }

  public void testLimit_markNotSupported() {
    InputStream lin = ByteStreams.limit(new UnmarkableInputStream(), 2);

    IOException expected = assertThrows(IOException.class, lin::reset);
    assertThat(expected).hasMessageThat().isEqualTo("Mark not supported");
  }

        // After refresh, may succeed or fail depending on JAAS configuration
        // Just verify that refresh doesn't break the authenticator
        assertNotNull(auth, "Authenticator should remain usable after refresh");
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("handle: sets NameCallback and PasswordCallback on happy path")
    void testHandleSetsNameAndPasswordHappyPath() throws Exception {