* (or {@link FluentFuture#transform(com.google.common.base.Function, Executor)
 * FluentFuture.transform}), but you will often find it easier to use a framework. Frameworks
 * automate the process, often adding features like monitoring, debugging, and cancellation.
 * Examples of frameworks include:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li><a href="https://dagger.dev/producers.html">Dagger Producers</a>
 * </ul>
 *

In that case, they will be applied to all the *path operations* in the application:

{* ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial012_an_py39.py hl[16] *}


And all the ideas in the section about [adding `dependencies` to the *path operation decorators*](dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators.md){.internal-link target=_blank} still apply, but in this case, to all of the *path operations* in the app.

        SMBUtil.writeInt4(1000000, buffer, offset);
        offset += 4;

        // free (4 bytes)
        SMBUtil.writeInt4(500000, buffer, offset);
        offset += 4;

        // bytesPerSect (2 bytes + 2 padding)
        SMBUtil.writeInt2(512, buffer, offset);
        offset += 4;

        // Set dataCount using reflection
        setDataCount(response, offset);

            assertEquals(18, ServerMessageBlock2.size8(15, 2));
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should calculate padding")
        void testPad8() {
            testMessage.encode(new byte[1024], 0);
            // After header is written, padding depends on position
            int headerStart = testMessage.getHeaderStart();
            assertEquals(0, headerStart); // Should start at 0
        }

@SuppressWarnings("JUnit4ClassUsedInJUnit3")
public abstract class AbstractMultisetSetCountTester<E> extends AbstractMultisetTester<E> {
  /*
   * TODO: consider adding MultisetFeatures.SUPPORTS_SET_COUNT. Currently we
   * assume that using setCount() to increase the count is permitted iff add()
   * is permitted and similarly for decrease/remove(). We assume that a

And then you also read how to handle [CORS with the `CORSMiddleware`](../tutorial/cors.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

In this section we'll see how to use other middlewares.

## Adding ASGI middlewares { #adding-asgi-middlewares }

As **FastAPI** is based on Starlette and implements the <abbr title="Asynchronous Server Gateway Interface">ASGI</abbr> specification, you can use any ASGI middleware.

import org.apache.maven.api.annotations.Experimental;
import org.apache.maven.api.cli.Options;

/**
 * Defines the options specific to the Maven Shell tool.
 * This interface extends the general {@link Options} interface, adding shell-specific configuration options.
 *
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
@Experimental

    int charsLeft = slen - lastEscape;
    if (charsLeft > 0) {
      int sizeNeeded = destIndex + charsLeft;
      if (destSize < sizeNeeded) {

        // Regrow and copy, expensive! No padding as this is the final copy.
        dest = growBuffer(dest, destIndex, sizeNeeded);
      }
      s.getChars(lastEscape, slen, dest, destIndex);
      destIndex = sizeNeeded;
    }

     */
    public static Duration elapsed() {
        return get().elapsedTime();
    }

    /**
     * Returns a monotonically increasing instant.
     * <p>
     * The returned instant is calculated by adding the elapsed nanoseconds
     * since clock creation to the initial wall clock time. This ensures that
     * the time never goes backwards and maintains a consistent relationship
     * with the wall clock time.
     *

      pull-requests: write
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
    - uses: actions/labeler@v5
      if: ${{ github.event.action != 'labeled' && github.event.action != 'unlabeled' }}
    - run: echo "Done adding labels"
  # Run this after labeler applied labels
  check-labels:
    needs:
      - labeler
    permissions:
      pull-requests: read
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps: