}

        off -= 4;

        b[off + 0] = (byte) SessionServicePacket.SESSION_MESSAGE;
        b[off + 1] = (byte) 0x00;
        b[off + 2] = (byte) (len >> 8 & 0xFF);
        b[off + 3] = (byte) (len & 0xFF);

        out.write(b, off, 4 + len);
    }

        NdrSmall ndrSmall = new NdrSmall(-1); // -1 & 0xFF = 255
        assertEquals(255, ndrSmall.value, "Negative value should be masked to its unsigned byte equivalent.");
    }

    @Test
    void testConstructor_overflowValue() {
        // Test with a value exceeding byte range, expecting it to be masked
        NdrSmall ndrSmall = new NdrSmall(256); // 256 & 0xFF = 0

0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff}, b: []byte{0x7f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfe}, }, { m: []byte{0x7f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff}, b: []byte{0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfe}, fail: true, }, { m: []byte{0x7f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff}, b: []byte{0x7f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff}, fail: true, }, { m: []byte{0x7f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff}, b: []byte{0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfe}, fail:...

internal fun BufferedSink.writeMedium(medium: Int) {
  writeByte(medium.ushr(16) and 0xff)
  writeByte(medium.ushr(8) and 0xff)
  writeByte(medium and 0xff)
}

@Throws(IOException::class)
internal fun BufferedSource.readMedium(): Int =
  (
    readByte() and 0xff shl 16
      or (readByte() and 0xff shl 8)
      or (readByte() and 0xff)
  )

/** Run [block] until it either throws an [IOException] or completes. */

        bufferIndex += 8;
        info.numberOfLinks = readInt4(buffer, bufferIndex);
        bufferIndex += 4;
        info.deletePending = (buffer[bufferIndex] & 0xFF) > 0;
        bufferIndex++;
        info.directory = (buffer[bufferIndex++] & 0xFF) > 0;
        this.info = info;

        return bufferIndex - start;
    }

    int readSmbQueryFileBasicInfoWireFormat(final byte[] buffer, int bufferIndex) {

        assertEquals(25, SMBUtil.readInt2(buffer, bodyOffset));

        // Flags (VcNumber) and SecurityMode
        assertEquals(0x01, buffer[bodyOffset + 2] & 0xFF); // Session binding flag
        assertEquals(securityMode, buffer[bodyOffset + 3] & 0xFF);

        // Capabilities
        assertEquals(capabilities, SMBUtil.readInt4(buffer, bodyOffset + 4));

        // Channel

    void testMaximumValues() throws SMBProtocolDecodingException {
        // Given
        byte[] buffer = new byte[256];
        SMBUtil.writeInt2(16, buffer, 0);
        buffer[2] = (byte) 0xFF; // Max share type
        buffer[3] = 0;
        SMBUtil.writeInt4(0xFFFFFFFF, buffer, 4); // Max share flags
        SMBUtil.writeInt4(0xFFFFFFFF, buffer, 8); // Max capabilities

        offset += 8;
        SMBUtil.writeInt8(maxLong, buffer, offset);
        offset += 8;
        SMBUtil.writeInt4(maxInt, buffer, offset);
        offset += 4;
        buffer[offset++] = (byte) 0xFF;
        buffer[offset++] = (byte) 0xFF;

        // Decode
        int bytesDecoded = fileStandardInfo.decode(buffer, 0, buffer.length);

        // Verify
        assertEquals(22, bytesDecoded);

    int readRDataWireFormat(final byte[] src, int srcIndex) {
        final int start = srcIndex;
        numberOfNames = src[srcIndex] & 0xFF;
        final int namesLength = numberOfNames * 18;
        final int statsLength = rDataLength - namesLength - 1;
        numberOfNames = src[srcIndex] & 0xFF;
        srcIndex++;
        // gotta read the mac first so we can populate addressArray with it

        @Test
        @DisplayName("toString with valid data produces expected format")
        void testToStringWithValidData() {
            byte[] challenge = new byte[] { (byte) 0x01, (byte) 0x02, (byte) 0x03, (byte) 0xFF };
            UniAddress dc = mock(UniAddress.class);
            when(dc.toString()).thenReturn("SERVER123");

            NtlmChallenge nc = new NtlmChallenge(challenge, dc);
            String result = nc.toString();