from typing import Any, Union

from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI
from typing_extensions import Annotated

app = FastAPI()


fake_items_db = [{"item_name": "Foo"}, {"item_name": "Bar"}, {"item_name": "Baz"}]


class CommonQueryParams:
    def __init__(self, q: Union[str, None] = None, skip: int = 0, limit: int = 100):
        self.q = q
        self.skip = skip
        self.limit = limit


@app.get("/items/")

from typing import Any, Dict, Optional, Sequence, Type, Union

from pydantic import BaseModel, create_model
from starlette.exceptions import HTTPException as StarletteHTTPException
from starlette.exceptions import WebSocketException as StarletteWebSocketException
from typing_extensions import Annotated, Doc


class HTTPException(StarletteHTTPException):
    """
    An HTTP exception you can raise in your own code to show errors to the client.

Das wird in OpenAPI mit `anyOf` angezeigt.

Um das zu tun, verwenden Sie Pythons Standard-Typhinweis <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html#typing.Union" class="external-link" target="_blank">`typing.Union`</a>:

!!! note "Hinweis"

goto end

:error
set ERROR_CODE=1

:end
@endlocal & set ERROR_CODE=%ERROR_CODE%

if not "%MAVEN_SKIP_RC%"=="" goto skipRcPost
@REM check for post script, once with legacy .bat ending and once with .cmd ending
if exist "%USERPROFILE%\mavenrc_post.bat" echo Warning: The mavenrc_post.bat script is deprecated and will be removed in a future version. >&2
if exist "%USERPROFILE%\mavenrc_post.bat" call "%USERPROFILE%\mavenrc_post.bat"

from typing import Any, Callable

from starlette.background import BackgroundTasks as StarletteBackgroundTasks
from typing_extensions import Annotated, Doc, ParamSpec

P = ParamSpec("P")


class BackgroundTasks(StarletteBackgroundTasks):
    """
    A collection of background tasks that will be called after a response has been
    sent to the client.

    Read more about it in the

OpenAPIでは`anyOf`で定義されます。

そのためには、標準的なPythonの型ヒント<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html#typing.Union" class="external-link" target="_blank">`typing.Union`</a>を使用します:

```Python hl_lines="1 14 15 18 19 20 33"
{!../../../docs_src/extra_models/tutorial003.py!}
```

## モデルのリスト

同じように、オブジェクトのリストのレスポンスを宣言することができます。

そのためには、標準のPythonの`typing.List`を使用する:

```Python hl_lines="1 20"

Он будет определён в OpenAPI как `anyOf`.

Для этого используйте стандартные аннотации типов в Python <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html#typing.Union" class="external-link" target="_blank">`typing.Union`</a>:

!!! note "Примечание"

from typing import (
    Any,
    BinaryIO,
    Callable,
    Dict,
    Iterable,
    Optional,
    Type,
    TypeVar,
    cast,
)

from fastapi._compat import (
    PYDANTIC_V2,
    CoreSchema,
    GetJsonSchemaHandler,
    JsonSchemaValue,
    with_info_plain_validator_function,
)
from starlette.datastructures import URL as URL  # noqa: F401
from starlette.datastructures import Address as Address  # noqa: F401

from typing import Union

from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from typing_extensions import Annotated

app = FastAPI()


async def common_parameters(
    q: Union[str, None] = None, skip: int = 0, limit: int = 100
):
    return {"q": q, "skip": skip, "limit": limit}


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(commons: Annotated[dict, Depends(common_parameters)]):

from typing import List

from fastapi import FastAPI, File, UploadFile
from fastapi.responses import HTMLResponse
from typing_extensions import Annotated

app = FastAPI()


@app.post("/files/")
async def create_files(files: Annotated[List[bytes], File()]):
    return {"file_sizes": [len(file) for file in files]}


@app.post("/uploadfiles/")
async def create_upload_files(files: List[UploadFile]):