*       between paging memory and killing other processes - so allocating a gigantic buffer and
   *       then sequentially accessing it could result in other processes dying. This is solvable
   *       via madvise(2), but that obviously doesn't exist in java.
   *   <li>Ordinary copy. Kernel copies bytes into a kernel buffer, from a kernel buffer into a

   * the segment.
   */
  final transient int segmentMask;

  /**
   * Shift value for indexing within segments. Helps prevent entries that end up in the same segment
   * from also ending up in the same bucket.
   */
  final transient int segmentShift;

  /** The segments, each of which is a specialized hash table. */
  final transient Segment<K, V, E, S>[] segments;

  public static <E extends @Nullable Object> CopyOnWriteArraySet<E> newCopyOnWriteArraySet(
      Iterable<? extends E> elements) {
    // We copy elements to an ArrayList first, rather than incurring the
    // quadratic cost of adding them to the COWAS directly.
    Collection<? extends E> elementsCollection =
        (elements instanceof Collection)
            ? (Collection<? extends E>) elements
            : Lists.newArrayList(elements);

 * {@code asMap} has a few subtleties. As long as the set of keys remains unchanged, adding or
 * removing mappings does not affect the key iteration order. However, if you remove all values
 * associated with a key and then add the key back to the multimap, that key will come last in the
 * key iteration order.
 *
 * <p>The multimap does not store duplicate key-value pairs. Adding a new key-value pair equal to an
 * existing key-value pair has no effect.
 *

 *
 * <p>Multimaps are commonly used in places where a {@code Map<K, Collection<V>>} would otherwise
 * have appeared. The differences include:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>There is no need to populate an empty collection before adding an entry with {@link #put
 *       put}.
 *   <li>{@code get} never returns {@code null}, only an empty collection.
 *   <li>A key is contained in the multimap if and only if it maps to at least one value. Any

    assertEquals("FooBar{}", toTest);
  }

  @GwtIncompatible // Class names are obfuscated in GWT
  public void testToStringHelper_localInnerClass() {
    // Local inner classes have names ending like "Outer.$1Inner"
    class LocalInnerClass {}
    String toTest = MoreObjects.toStringHelper(new LocalInnerClass()).toString();
    assertEquals("LocalInnerClass{}", toTest);
  }

 *       a more precisely named annotation?
 *   <li>While a dependency on Android ought to be easy if it's for annotations only, it will
 *       probably require adding the dep to various ACLs, license files, and Proguard
 *       configurations, and there's always the potential that something will go wrong. It
 *       <i>probably</i> won't, since the deps are needed only in tests (and maybe someday in

 * http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
 */

/*
 * Source:
 * http://gee.cs.oswego.edu/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/jsr166/src/test/tck-jsr166e/AtomicDoubleArrayTest.java?revision=1.13
 * (Modified to adapt to guava coding conventions)
 */

package com.google.common.util.concurrent;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;

import java.util.Arrays;

/** Unit test for {@link AtomicDoubleArray}. */

import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;

/**
 * CompactLinkedHashSet is an implementation of a Set, which a predictable iteration order that
 * matches the insertion order. All optional operations (adding and removing) are supported. All
 * elements, including {@code null}, are permitted.
 *
 * <p>{@code contains(x)}, {@code add(x)} and {@code remove(x)}, are all (expected and amortized)

            ImmutableList.of("A"),
            ImmutableList.of("A"),
            ImmutableList.of("A", "A", "B", "C"),
            ImmutableList.of("A", "A", "D", "E", "B", "C"));

    String format = "Adding %s at %s";
    for (int i = 0; i < toAdd.size(); i++) {
      int index = indexes.get(i);
      Iterable<String> iterableToAdd = toAdd.get(i);
      boolean expectedChanged = iterableToAdd.iterator().hasNext();