import com.google.common.primitives.Booleans;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
import javax.annotation.CheckForNull;

/**
 * Implementation detail for the internal structure of {@link Range} instances. Represents a unique
 * way of "cutting" a "number line" (actually of instances of type {@code C}, not necessarily
 * "numbers") into two sections; this can be done below a certain value, above a certain value,

          protected char[] escapeUnsafe(char c) {
            return noChars;
          }
        };
    EscaperAsserts.assertBasic(deletingEscaper);
    assertEquals(
        "Everything outside the printable ASCII range is deleted.",
        deletingEscaper.escape(
            "\tEverything\0 outside the\uD800\uDC00 "
                + "printable ASCII \uFFFFrange is \u007Fdeleted.\n"));
  }

        return string;
      }
    };
  }

  @Empty
  static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C> generateRange() {
    return Range.all();
  }

  @Generates
  static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C> generateRange(C freshElement) {
    return Range.singleton(freshElement);
  }

  @Generates
  static <E> Iterable<E> generateIterable(@Nullable E freshElement) {

    assertTrue(ArbitraryInstances.get(MapDifference.class).areEqual());
    assertTrue(ArbitraryInstances.get(SortedMapDifference.class).areEqual());
    assertEquals(Range.all(), ArbitraryInstances.get(Range.class));
    assertTrue(ArbitraryInstances.get(NavigableSet.class).isEmpty());
    assertTrue(ArbitraryInstances.get(NavigableMap.class).isEmpty());

      s--;
    }
    return a.subSequence(a.length() - s, a.length()).toString();
  }

  /**
   * True when a valid surrogate pair starts at the given {@code index} in the given {@code string}.
   * Out-of-range indexes return false.
   */
  @VisibleForTesting
  static boolean validSurrogatePairAt(CharSequence string, int index) {
    return index >= 0
        && index <= (string.length() - 2)

 *
 * <h3>Only {@code %s} is supported</h3>
 *
 * <p>{@code Preconditions} uses {@link Strings#lenientFormat} to format error message template
 * strings. This only supports the {@code "%s"} specifier, not the full range of {@link
 * java.util.Formatter} specifiers. However, note that if the number of arguments does not match the
 * number of occurrences of {@code "%s"} in the format string, {@code Preconditions} will still

    // Compare to: "\u00c1".equalsIgnoreCase("\u00e1") == true
    assertFalse(Ascii.equalsIgnoreCase("\u00c1", "\u00e1"));
    // Test chars just outside the alphabetic range ('A'-1 vs 'a'-1, 'Z'+1 vs 'z'+1)
    assertFalse(Ascii.equalsIgnoreCase("@", "`"));
    assertFalse(Ascii.equalsIgnoreCase("[", "{"));
  }

  @GwtIncompatible // String.toUpperCase() has browser semantics

 *   <dt>{@link ClassToInstanceMap}
 *   <dd>An extension of {@link java.util.Map} that associates a raw type with an instance of that
 *       type.
 * </dl>
 *
 * <h2>Ranges</h2>
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>{@link Range}
 *   <li>{@link RangeMap}
 *   <li>{@link RangeSet}
 *   <li>{@link DiscreteDomain}
 *   <li>{@link ContiguousSet}
 * </ul>
 *
 * <h2>Classes of static utility methods</h2>
 *
 * <ul>

  public int[] toArray() {
    return Arrays.copyOfRange(array, start, end);
  }

  /**
   * Returns a new immutable array containing the values in the specified range.
   *
   * <p><b>Performance note:</b> The returned array has the same full memory footprint as this one
   * does (no actual copying is performed). To reduce memory usage, use {@code subArray(start,
   * end).trimmed()}.

    return new CompactLinkedHashMap<>(expectedSize);
  }

  private static final int ENDPOINT = -2;

  /**
   * Contains the link pointers corresponding with the entries, in the range of [0, size()). The
   * high 32 bits of each long is the "prev" pointer, whereas the low 32 bits is the "succ" pointer
   * (pointing to the next entry in the linked list). The pointers in [size(), entries.length) are