在這種情況下，函式參數 `q` 為選用，且預設為 `None`。

/// check | 注意

另外請注意，FastAPI 能辨識出路徑參數 `item_id` 是路徑參數，而 `q` 不是，因此 `q` 會被當作查詢參數。

///

## 查詢參數型別轉換 { #query-parameter-type-conversion }

你也可以宣告 `bool` 型別，值會被自動轉換：

{* ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial003_py310.py hl[7] *}

在這種情況下，如果你造訪：

```
http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/foo?short=1
```

或

```

package tests_test

import (
	"context"
	"database/sql"
	"os"
	"reflect"
	"testing"

	"gorm.io/driver/mysql"
	"gorm.io/gorm"
	. "gorm.io/gorm/utils/tests"
)

type wrapperTx struct {
	*sql.Tx
	conn *wrapperConnPool
}

func (c *wrapperTx) PrepareContext(ctx context.Context, query string) (*sql.Stmt, error) {
	c.conn.got = append(c.conn.got, query)
	return c.Tx.PrepareContext(ctx, query)
}

	if err != nil {
		writeErrorResponse(ctx, w, toAPIError(ctx, err), r.URL)
		return
	}

	// Call site replication hook.
	replLogIf(ctx, globalSiteReplicationSys.BucketMetaHook(ctx, madmin.SRBucketMeta{
		Type:      madmin.SRBucketMetaTypePolicy,
		Bucket:    bucket,
		Policy:    bucketPolicyBytes,
		UpdatedAt: updatedAt,
	}))

	// Success.
	writeSuccessNoContent(w)
}

        enablePullRequestFeature()
    }

    requirements {
        requiresOs(os)
        requiresArch(os, arch)
    }

    failureConditions {
        if (this@applyDefaultSettings.type != BuildTypeSettings.Type.COMPOSITE) {
            executionTimeoutMin = timeout
        }
        testFailure = true
        supportTestRetry = true
        add {
            failOnText {

/// tip

This is just standard Python, it's called a "type alias", it's actually not specific to **FastAPI**.

But because **FastAPI** is based on the Python standards, including `Annotated`, you can use this trick in your code. 😎

///

        acceptedApiChanges.acceptedChanges = [:]
        for (String jsonText : jsonTexts) {
            def json = new Gson().fromJson(jsonText, new TypeToken<Map<String, List<AcceptedApiChange>>>() {}.type)
            Map<ApiChange, String> acceptedChanges = json.acceptedApiChanges.collectEntries { jsonChange ->
                [(jsonChange.toApiChange()): jsonChange.acceptation]
            }

  OPEN(false),
  CLOSED(true);

  final boolean inclusive;

  BoundType(boolean inclusive) {
    this.inclusive = inclusive;
  }

  /** Returns the bound type corresponding to a boolean value for inclusivity. */
  static BoundType forBoolean(boolean inclusive) {
    return inclusive ? CLOSED : OPEN;
  }

import org.apache.maven.api.cli.extensions.CoreExtension;

/**
 * Core extension selector: selects which entries to load from {@link InvokerRequest#coreExtensions()}.
 *
 * @param <C> The context type.
 */
public interface CoreExtensionSelector<C extends LookupContext> {
    /**
     * Selects core extensions to be loaded from list of all sources detected.
     */
    @Nonnull

                        "security": [{"APIKeyCookie": []}],
                    }
                }
            },
            "components": {
                "securitySchemes": {
                    "APIKeyCookie": {"type": "apiKey", "name": "key", "in": "cookie"}
                }
            },
        }

                    }
                }
            },
            "components": {
                "securitySchemes": {
                    "OAuth2AuthorizationCodeBearer": {
                        "type": "oauth2",
                        "flows": {
                            "authorizationCode": {
                                "authorizationUrl": "authorize",
                                "tokenUrl": "token",