* ExecutionException}, the error's {@linkplain #getCause() cause} comes from a failed task,
 * possibly run in another thread. That cause should itself be an {@code Error}; if not, use {@code
 * ExecutionException} or {@link UncheckedExecutionException}. This allows the client code to
 * continue to distinguish between exceptions and errors, even when they come from other threads.
 *
 * @author Chris Povirk
 * @since 10.0
 */

from typing import Any

import orjson
from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI
from fastapi.responses import HTMLResponse, JSONResponse, PlainTextResponse
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient


class ORJSONResponse(JSONResponse):
    media_type = "application/x-orjson"

    def render(self, content: Any) -> bytes:
        return orjson.dumps(content)


class OverrideResponse(JSONResponse):
    media_type = "application/x-override"

from typing import Union

from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, Query
from sqlmodel import Field, Session, SQLModel, create_engine, select


class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: Union[int, None] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    age: Union[int, None] = Field(default=None, index=True)
    secret_name: str


sqlite_file_name = "database.db"

from typing import Annotated, Union

from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, Query
from sqlmodel import Field, Session, SQLModel, create_engine, select


class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: Union[int, None] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    age: Union[int, None] = Field(default=None, index=True)
    secret_name: str


sqlite_file_name = "database.db"

from typing import Optional

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

app = FastAPI()


@app.get(
    "/",
    openapi_extra={
        "parameters": [
            {
                "required": False,
                "schema": {"title": "Extra Param 1"},
                "name": "extra_param_1",
                "in": "query",
            },
            {
                "required": True,

// policy for the STS credential. The policy mapping can be updated by the
// administrator.
//
// - from `Subject.CommonName` field from the STS request for
// AssumeRoleWithCertificate. In this case, the policy for the STS credential
// has the same name as the value of this field.
//
// - from special JWT claim from STS request for AssumeRoleWithOIDC API (when
// not using RoleARN). The claim value can be a string or a list and refers to

  @Deprecated
  public static <V extends @Nullable Object> FluentFuture<V> from(FluentFuture<V> future) {
    return checkNotNull(future);
  }

  /**
   * Returns a {@code Future} whose result is taken from this {@code Future} or, if this {@code
   * Future} fails with the given {@code exceptionType}, from the result provided by the {@code

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.cors.tutorial001_py39 import app


def test_cors():
    client = TestClient(app)
    # Test pre-flight response
    headers = {
        "Origin": "https://localhost.tiangolo.com",
        "Access-Control-Request-Method": "GET",
        "Access-Control-Request-Headers": "X-Example",
    }
    response = client.options("/", headers=headers)

You can declare a parameter in a *path operation function* or dependency to be of type `Request` and then you can access the raw request object directly, without any validation, etc.

You can import it directly from `fastapi`:

```python
from fastapi import Request
```

/// tip

from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, Response
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

app = FastAPI()


def set_cookie(*, response: Response):
    response.set_cookie("cookie-name", "cookie-value")
    return {}


def set_indirect_cookie(*, dep: str = Depends(set_cookie)):
    return dep


@app.get("/directCookie")
def get_direct_cookie(dep: str = Depends(set_cookie)):
    return {"dep": dep}