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 * Copyright (c) 2022 Square, Inc.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

## Integrated middlewares { #integrated-middlewares }

**FastAPI** includes several middlewares for common use cases, we'll see next how to use them.

/// note | Technical Details

For the next examples, you could also use `from starlette.middleware.something import SomethingMiddleware`.

This is just a **quick tutorial / refresher** about Python type hints. It covers only the minimum necessary to use them with **FastAPI**... which is actually very little.

**FastAPI** is all based on these type hints, they give it many advantages and benefits.

But even if you never use **FastAPI**, you would benefit from learning a bit about them.

/// note

The same way you use `Body`, `Query`, etc. with your *path operation function* parameters, use `Depends` with a new parameter:

{* ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[13,18] *}

Although you use `Depends` in the parameters of your function the same way you use `Body`, `Query`, etc, `Depends` works a bit differently.

You only give `Depends` a single parameter.

But you cannot convert from the gibberish back to the password.

### Why use password hashing { #why-use-password-hashing }

If your database is stolen, the thief won't have your users' plaintext passwords, only the hashes.

So, the thief won't be able to try to use that password in another system (as many users use the same password everywhere, this would be dangerous).

## Install `passlib` { #install-passlib }

   *
   * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always
   * @deprecated Use {@link ImmutableSortedSet#toImmutableSortedSet}.
   * @since 33.2.0 (available since 21.0 in guava-jre)
   */
  @DoNotCall("Use toImmutableSortedSet")
  @Deprecated
  @IgnoreJRERequirement // Users will use this only if they're already using streams.
  public static <E> Collector<E, ?, ImmutableSet<E>> toImmutableSet() {

    client
      .newCall(
        upgradeRequest(),
      ).execute()
      .use { response ->
        assertThat(response.code).isEqualTo(HTTP_SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS)
        val socket = response.socket!!
        socket.sink.buffer().use { sink ->
          socket.source.buffer().use { source ->
            sink.writeUtf8("client says hello\n")
            sink.flush()

MINIO=("$PWD/minio" --config-dir "$MINIO_CONFIG_DIR" server)

function start_minio() {
	start_port=$1

	export MINIO_ROOT_USER=minio
	export MINIO_ROOT_PASSWORD=minio123
	unset MINIO_KMS_AUTO_ENCRYPTION # do not auto-encrypt objects
	unset MINIO_CI_CD
	unset CI

	args=()
	for i in $(seq 1 4); do
		args+=("http://localhost:$((start_port + i))${WORK_DIR}/mnt/disk$i/ ")
	done

	for i in $(seq 1 4); do

    val request = Request.Builder().url(server.url("/")).build()

    client.newCall(request).execute().use { response ->
      assertEquals(200, response.code)
    }

    client.connectionPool.evictAll()
    assertEquals(0, client.connectionPool.connectionCount())

    client.newCall(request).execute().use { response ->
      assertEquals(200, response.code)
    }

    assertEquals(2, sessionIds.size)

To do this, use `yield` instead of `return`, and write the extra steps (code) after.

/// tip

Make sure to use `yield` one single time per dependency.

///

/// note | Technical Details

Any function that is valid to use with: